犹太人的经典之中最出名的是圣经。
圣经是部文集，其中第一部分叫Torah（托辣，意思是“教导、训诲”），这部分用一个汉字翻译，我选择“典”——帝之书。按犹太传统，托辣乃帝（上帝）亲授。用“典”，还可以表达Torah所含“典章律例”。
第二部分叫做Neviim（意思是“众先知”），这部分用一个汉字翻译，我选择“经”——圣人之书。承天命者（被上帝选中之人）劝谕百姓。
第三部分叫做Ketuvim（意思是“多[卷]书”），这部分用一个汉字翻译，我选择“纪”——各种其他类型(典经外)的纪录，或者“集”——其他圣人时期的文献的集合。
这“典”“经”“纪”在一起，即犹太人的圣经，希伯来语是TaNaKh（塔纳赫）——Torah, Neviim, Ketuvim的首字母缩写(T-N-K)。
圣经之外，最重要的，也是使犹太人保持其犹太特性的不可或缺的经典，是Talmud（有“学习”之意），这部包罗万象的巨著用一个汉字翻译，我选择“传”——诠释“经”（圣经）之书。
“典”“经”“纪”“传”，此犹太“四书”。
Brosh, 37, was born in Rishon LeZion, Israel, a city that also produced the late singer Shoshana Damari, “the Queen of Hebrew Music.”
While the documentary succeeds in showing the band’s power and chemistry, and is full of energy, one is left wondering what would have happened if Slovak lived.
Shortly after arriving for the exchange program, the war with Iran began on Feb. 28.
By some measures, 16 Jews have been to space.
“The Jewish people are patient zero in a worldwide war on truth.”
This challah has a soft, fluffy, airy texture, with a wonderful chewy crumb, a hint of sweetness and an enticing golden crust.
What carbs do you miss the most during Passover? Do you go for the sweet stuff, like cookies and cakes, or heartier items like breads and pasta?
The war against two stubborn enemies, such as Iran and Hezbollah, has an interesting lesson to teach on obstacles created by regimes that are polar opposites.
When it comes to images and video online, the safest starting point is the presumption that what we see is not authentic until it is verified.
There is something deeply cyclical about Judaism and our holidays. We return to the same story—the same words, the same questions—but we are not the same people telling it. And that changes everything.
Emma’s diary represents testimony of an America, and an American Jewish community, torn asunder during America’s strenuous effort to manifest its founding ideal of the equality of all people who were created in the image of God.
Judge Israel as you would judge any state: rigorously, truthfully and proportionately.
On Yom HaShoah, we speak of six million who were murdered. But I also remember the nine million who lived. Nine million Jews who got up every morning, took their children to school, and strove every day to survive, because they believed in life.
Gratitude is greatly emphasized in much of Jewish observance, from blessings before and after meals, the celebration of holidays such as Passover, a festival that celebrates liberation from slavery, and in the psalms.
The seder table itself is a model of radical welcome: we are told explicitly to invite the stranger, to make room for those who ask questions and for those who do not yet know how to ask.
For students at Jewish schools, armed guards, security gates, and ID checks are now woven into the rhythm of daily life.
The playground in Jerusalem didn’t stop antisemitism, and renovating playgrounds in New York City is not likely to stop it there, either — because antisemitism in America today is not rooted in a lack of slides or swings.
As Donald Trump continues to struggle to explain his goals there, his backers have begun casting about for scapegoats to blame for the president’s decision to enter the war. Not surprisingly, a growing number of conservative fingers are now pointing at Benjamin Netanyahu.
America’s national derangement poses myriad challenges to those not yet caught up in it. The anomie is daunting enough for the general public — if that term still makes sense in this fragmented age — and it is virtually insurmountable for the defenders of Israel.
