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December 4, 2013

Counting almonds

Turns out, I have a natural handicap when it comes to eating like normal people. My daughter discovered this when she was in elementary school and forever engaged in a war of attrition over food: She wanted to live on green apples and Lucky Charms; I thought a third item should be added to the diet. A few years into the campaign, she finally asked me, “What cereal did Grandma let you eat when you were a kid?” 

“I didn’t eat cereal.” 

“Why not? Was Giti as mean as you are?” 

Giti is my mother. She raised my sisters and me with the kind of discipline usually exhibited by Marine sergeants. But, no, she wasn’t mean. 

“Did she think she’s queen of the world and can be your boss? Did she rather you starved and died than let you eat ‘hydrogenated oil’?” 

No. We just didn’t have cereal. 

I know it’s hard to believe, but I never ate breakfast cereal, never even saw Corn Flakes or Rice Krispies until I was 13 and traveled to New York with my parents for the first time. In Iran, we ate flat bread with butter and jam, drank black tea with sugar and, for the kids, a teaspoon of fish oil every morning. In New York, we stayed with my aunt in Great Neck and learned all about things like sour cream and cream cheese, waffles, non-fat and low-fat milk and those little flakes you poured out of a cardboard box into a bowl. You would think this isn’t a big deal. I certainly never gave it a thought, never felt cheated or weird because of it until I saw the light blazing out of my daughter’s eyes and understood she had made a major find. 

“What do you mean, you didn’t have cereal?” she cried, loud enough for her brothers to hear in the next room and rush in for the unveiling. “You mean in the whole country? No cereal in the whole, entire country?” 

That’s right. As far as I know. 

“You had cars but no cereal? What kind of place doesn’t have cereal?” 

They called my sister’s kids to break the news, called my parents to obtain verification, got their friends to see if their Iranian parents would serve as a “second source.” When the shock wore off and the giggles abated, they decided that this childhood deprivation explained everything that is strange and incomprehensible to them not just about me, but about all Iranians and even the country itself. 

So that’s why they had to beg and plead, then finally sneak a six-pack of mini cereal boxes into my cart at the supermarket every trip. 

“It’s because you come from the land of no cereal.” 

That’s why my mother discovers a new cousin every time she leaves the house, why my grandmother lived to age 108, why my great-grandfather barely skipped a beat, didn’t even require surgery, when he was shot at close range in the forehead by his lover’s jealous husband. The doctors cleaned up the blood and sent him home, let the fragments of shrapnel remain lodged in the skull till he died of natural causes some 40 years later.

“It’s because they lived in the land of no cereal.” 

That’s why I say and do things that most normal people would avoid, like making friends with the homeless schizophrenic guy who hangs out around the coffee place I’ve made my second home. He reads my Jewish Journal articles regularly and circles some words he believes are code. He has this idea that I’m communicating the word of Jesus through this secret language I’ve devised and keep hidden in a Jewish publication. I like him because he’s soft spoken and gentle, and because he reads my articles and waits for me to show up every day so he can show me the passages he’s decrypted. We’ve even had lunch together at the corner coffee shop; he’s good company if you don’t mind sharing him with all the invisible people he’s always talking to.

“It’s because you grew up without cereal.” 

Think about it: All those varieties of cereal in every supermarket, all those TV ads, all the debate about artificial coloring and refined sugar; there’s even a classic novel, “Breakfast of Champions,” by Kurt Vonnegut, that drew its title from the General Mills product. Cereal is not like broccoli or braces — mostly American products that can be skipped without major repercussions. If you missed out on cereal growing up, what else have you missed of the pop culture that defines the Americans of your generation, and your children’s generation?

Imagine taking a person like me, from a place like that, and expecting her to function normally in the land of Hot Pockets and Pop-Tarts. Of course my reality will forever be different from “regular” folks’. Of course we’ll forever be out of step with each other because of the absence of a common frame of reference. 

As they grew up, my sons became increasingly wiser in their choice of food. My daughter now lives on Greek yogurt and plain, undressed lettuce, but her brothers have become nutrition Nazis who know more about what’s good or bad for the body than any sane person should. But this doesn’t mean there’s anything close to a meeting of the minds in our neck of the woods: While they’ve evolved and learned and become little scientists who can trace the natural life of a single calorie down to its wretched end, I’ve kept the tastes and habits of my cereal-free upbringing. 

I like tuna sandwiches without tuna, hamburgers without the meat. I hate cinnamon, non-fat milk, sugar-free cakes, sugar substitutes. I can’t last longer than three hours on any diet because I have a visceral resistance to cutting out bread and starches and replacing them with “lean protein and good fats.” I’ve been trying to lose the same five pounds for the last 10 years. I keep asking my older son to design a diet for me, print it out and stick on the fridge, and proceed to ignore it. 

“Mom,” my daughter tries to console me. “Persians can’t diet.” 

I asked my son again the day after Thanksgiving. 

“I ate four kinds of cakes yesterday,” I said as he prepared his morning shake of fresh fruit, protein powder and water. He pretended he hadn’t heard me. 

 “I’m sure I’ve gained a few pounds.” He turned on the blender and let it rip for five whole minutes. 

“I’m thinking you should tell me what to eat today to make up for that.” He turned the blender on again. 

“At least tell me what to eat for breakfast.” 

“A banana and 20 almonds.” He finally said something.

I got the banana. Didn’t get the almonds. 

“Twenty almond whats?” Almond triangles? Almond Joy bars? 

“Twenty individual almonds.” Raw, unsalted. 

As far as I know, nuts are measured by weight, not unit. 

“What kind of breakfast is that?” He put down the empty glass of shake and headed to the door. “Can we drop the banana and add half a muffin? Can I have some bread instead of nuts?” 

“No,” he said. “But you can switch to pistachios if you want. You had those in Iran when you were growing up, right?”


Gina Nahai is an author and a professor of creative writing at USC. Her latest novel is “Caspian Rain” (MacAdam Cage, 2007). Her column appears monthly in the Journal.

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Warsaw’s other uprising

For most Jewish readers, I suspect, the phrase “Warsaw uprising” refers to the stirring last stand of the Jewish ghetto fighters in 1943.  But there was quite another upwelling of armed resistance in Warsaw a year later, and that’s the focus of “Warsaw 1944: Hitler, Himmler and the Warsaw Uprising” by Alexandra Richie (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, $40.00), an account of the doomed effort at self-liberation launched by the Polish Home Army against the Nazis even as the Red Army sat and watched on the far side of the Vistula.

Richie’s book is only the latest in a small but important trend in publishing that calls our attention to the richness, complexity and tragedy of events on the ground in Poland during the Second World War. Timothy Snyder’s groundbreaking book, “Bloodlands,” is one example, and so is Louise Steinman’s newly-published memoir, “The Crooked Mirror.” All of these books are worthy efforts to rescue one of the most consequential nations in European history from the realm of “Polish jokes” and to open our eyes to its heroic if also tragic saga.

“My Poles will not revolt” is what Hans Frank, the man in charge of occupied Poland, told the Fuehrer when the first reports of skirmishing in Warsaw reached Hitler’s headquarters. He was wrong, as it turned out, but Heinrich Himmler, the architect and operator of Germany’s machinery of terror, looked on the bright side:  “It would give them the excuse to do what they had wanted to do for years — erase Warsaw from the map,” Richie explains.

Richie, who lives and writes in Warsaw, brings a mastery of Polish history and politics to her book, and she allows the reader to see how the Warsaw uprising is linked to the other and more famous events in the history of World War II. Above all, she reveals the crucial motive of the Polish resistance in taking on the Nazis before the Red Army entered Warsaw and installed a Communist regime in place of the Polish government-in-exile that had taken refuge in London during the war.

“They fought in order to see the restoration of a free, liberal, democratic state,” Riche writes. “With the Red Army moving inexorably towards Warsaw, the decision was made to take a stand in the capital city, for the Poles to push the Germans out themselves, and to greet the Soviets as equals. Surely then the rest of the world would heed their call for independence, and put pressure on Stalin.”

Richie’s narrative of these events is rooted in scholarship but expressed with color, clarity and impact. She has an eye for the telling detail: “Despite his vegetarianism,” she pauses to tell us, “Hitler had long had a strange admiration for poachers, and decide that with their particular skills of tracking and killing they might be useful in the fight against the partisans.” The Red Army was assisted in its victorious counter-attacks against the Wehrmacht by the riches of the Lend-lease program: “American Jeeps whizzed around Byelorussia, and Studebaker US6 trucks were used to launch Katusha rockets; at the same time Russian soldiers feasted on Hershey’s chocolate and wieners stamped ‘Oscar Meyer – Chicago.’” At the same, time she paints on a vast canvas that sprawls across 738 pages and depicts events and personalities both great and small.

The dominant note in “Warsaw 1944,” of course, is horror.  The Germans were no kinder or gentler when it came to the Poles than they were with any of the their other victims, and Richie finds herself compelled to describe atrocities that will break the hearts of readers who already know what the Germans were capable of doing in Auschwitz and at Babi Yar.  And the heroic resistance of the Poles in the Warsaw uprising of 1944 was no more successful than the efforts of the ghetto-fighters had been in 1943.

“The general mood in the units of my group is pessimistic and bitter because of the lack of weapons for the past eight days,” wrote one despairing Polish fighter. “We fight alone with no help from our quartermaster nor from the Allies.”

The death toll of the battle for Warsaw was modest when compared to the number of Polish Jews murdered during the Holocaust.  Some 18,000 soldiers in the Home Army died in battle, and another 150,000 civilians were casualties of the fighting. The political goal, of course, was not achieved, and Poland passed from Nazi occupation to Soviet domination for another half-century. Indeed, the whole episode has been mostly overlooked. “The destruction of Warsaw was one of the great tragedies of the Second World War,” the author insists. “And yet, after 1945, the Polish capital’s terrible ordeal virtually disappeared from history.”  

Richie, to her credit, has restored that ordeal to the place of honor in the pages of history that it richly deserves.


Jonathan Kirsch, author and publishing attorney, is the book editor of the Jewish Journal. His latest book is “The Short, Strange Life of Herschel Grynszpan: A Boy Avenger, a Nazi Diplomat and a Murder in Paris” (Norton/Liveright).

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Moving and Shaking: JWW presents Survivors’ Legacy Award, TBH hosts Feed the Hungry Feast

From left: Janice Kamenir-Reznik, JWW president and co-founder; JWW honoree Mukesh Kapila; Rabbi Harold Schulweis, JWW co-founder; and Michael Jeser, JWW executive director. Photo by  Brian Swann

Jewish World Watch (JWW) presented its Survivors’ Legacy Award — which recognizes activists who honor the legacy of the Holocaust by responding to genocide wherever it occurs — to the Rabbi Jacob Pressman Academy on Nov. 17.

Receiving the organization’s I Witness Award that same day was Mukesh Kapila, a Darfur genocide whistleblower and former United Nations resident and humanitarian coordinator for the Sudan. He was one of the first public figures to bring international awareness to the Darfur genocide of 2003.

In giving the Survivors’ Legacy Award to the Pressman Academy, JWW highlighted student participation in the organization’s annual Walk to End Genocide, its work to pressure elected officials to take action against mass killings overseas, fundraising and more. 

Over the last seven years, Pressman, which is affiliated with Temple Beth Am and the Conservative day school movement, has raised more than $32,000 for JWW with its annual Jump for Darfur campaign. Pressman alumna Michelle Hirschorn, who was also honored, started the campaign when she was in fourth grade at Pressman.

The I Witness Award “recognizes leaders who have made contributions to the fight against genocide by raising awareness and spurring activism,” according to a JWW statement. During the event, held at Temple Isaiah in West Los Angeles, the congregation’s Rabbi Zoë Klein interviewed Kapila. The U.K.-based diplomatic figure, author and university professor discussed his experience serving in the United Nations and speaking out about the crimes in Sudan, despite the pushback from the then-members of the Sudanese government. 

More than 200 attendees turned out for the event. From JWW, there was Janice Kamenir-Reznik, president and co-founder; Rabbi Harold Schulweis, co-founder; and Michael Jeser, executive director. Students and administrators from Pressman Academy were present as well. They included Pressman’s Rav Beit Sefer (head school rabbi), Chaim Tureff, middle school principal Inez Tiger, interim head of school Rabbi Joel Rembaum and Judaic studies principal Jill Linder.

Founded in 2004, the San Fernando Valley-based JWW describes itself on its Web site as a “leading organization in the fight against genocide and mass atrocities,” with a focus on the “ongoing crises in Sudan and eastern Congo.”


Guests enjoy a holiday meal at the 13th annual Temple Beth Hillel Feed the Hungry Thanksgiving Feast outdoors on the temple campus. Photo courtesy of Temple Beth Hillel

Valley Village synagogue Temple Beth Hillel (TBH) fed more than 800 needy people, including the homeless, seniors and mentally ill individuals, during its 13th annual Thanksgiving Day Feed the Hungry Feast on Nov. 28.

“It was nice to see our community come together,” TBH Senior Rabbi Sarah Hronsky said.

The annual event took place in the synagogue’s parking lot and drew more than 200 volunteers on Thanksgiving Day. They helped with cooking, hosting and waiting tables at a gathering that featured restaurant-style service. Volunteers also helped with delivering meals to those in need.

Additional volunteers came from Muslims for Progressive Values, whose Web site indicates that its goal is to be a voice for “human dignity, egalitarianism, compassion and social justice.”

 Hronsky emphasized the need for free holiday meals such as these, noting that a line of hungry people formed around the block prior to the event. The Reform congregation open its doors early to accommodate the crowd.

Preparation took place over the course of several days, with temple members cooking more than 1,000 pounds of turkey, 250 pounds of cornbread stuffing and 400 pounds of vegetables, as well as apple cobbler and other items.

Organizers included the temple’s Brotherhood and Women of TBH clubs, as well as congregant and professional caterer Scott Tessler. A presentation honored Tessler’s longtime involvement with the event.

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Awaiting transplant, family rallies with hope

Michael Goldberg’s heart is working just fine.

The University of Washington professor teaches a class on romantic comedies. From “Annie Hall” to “Pretty Woman,” he leads his students on a tour of film’s fondest genre.

What Goldberg needs, however, is a new kidney, and it’s not the first time. His lone kidney is a failing transplant from nearly two decades ago.

It all started when he was a 15-year-old living in Los Angeles. He was diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes, a disorder in which the pancreas stops producing insulin, a hormone that converts sugar into energy. Blood sugar levels rise, causing excessive thirst and urination, as well as potential organ damage down the line. 

Looking back, he wishes he’d taken better care of his body after the diagnosis. 

“I was probably not in good control for three or four years,” Goldberg said. “It was a combination of I was a semi-alienated 15-year-old, and I had ADD.”

A 2.0 senior year GPA didn’t stop him from enrolling at the University of California, Santa Cruz, where he found a good doctor and started to regulate his condition. But in 1986, while earning his doctorate at Yale, he was diagnosed with kidney disease. 

He got married and took a professor position in the Seattle area in 1993. Soon after, his failing kidneys finally gave out.

“I had to go on dialysis suddenly,” he said. “There were a lot of complications, and
it was tough.”

He began going to the Northwest Kidney Centers three days a week for the blood-cleansing treatment, which involves a machine artificially filling the role of the kidneys. Blood is drawn from the body, typically through a vein in the arm, then cleaned and streamed back in. 

In addition to needing a new kidney, doctors told Goldberg he needed a new pancreas. This promised to cure his diabetes, a pancreas-based disease, but ruled out the prospect of a living donor. He was put on the waiting list for a pancreas-kidney transplant in 1995. Just nine months later, he received the organs from a cadaver donor — a recently deceased teenager whose parents wanted their son’s organs to live on.

Goldberg in his office on the Bothell campus of the University of Washington, where he teaches history and film.

The new kidney fit right in for 17 years, which is outstanding for a cadaver donation. But the powerful medication that organ recipients must take can eventually be toxic to the new organs.

“Most kidneys fail not because your body rejects them,” Goldberg said. “It’s because you’ve been scarring the kidney through the immunosuppressant drug.”

In fall 2011, the lab results came in: The pancreas was in good shape, but Goldberg needed another kidney.

He went back to the Northwest Kidney Centers, but this time for training rather than treatment. He and his wife, Elizabeth de Forest, learned how to do home dialysis and set up shop in their bedroom in August 2012.

Home dialysis is done five nights a week and takes about five hours a night. De Forest throws on a lab coat and latex gloves and inserts a needle into her husband’s fistula, a surgically created passage where a vein has been connected directly to an artery. The vein is about as thick as a piece of licorice — strong enough to be drawn from night after night.

A preschool teacher by trade, De Forest took the year off to be by her husband’s side. “I’m pretty much on call if anything happens,” she said.

Studies have shown that home dialysis can reduce stress on the heart and improve survival rates. Still, 90 percent of dialysis patients prefer to go to a center. Many cite a feeling of safety that comes with having the process done by professionals.

But, for Goldberg, there’s no place like home. He loves having his wife and two sons, Asher and Jonah, around to support him. There’s a flat-screen TV in the bedroom, with boxes of DVDs on one side and boxes of syringes on the other.

“It can be stressful at times but, you know, usually we’re used to it,” said Asher, 14.

“It’s not just him on the machine,” said 12-year-old Jonah. “It’s sort of like all of us.”

Michael Goldberg and his wife, Elizabeth de Forest, setting up the home dialysis process.

Goldberg attends the Reform Temple B’nai Torah in Bellevue, Wash., where he has relied on the clergy as a source of support since learning that the transplant was giving out.

“Even though I was really sick, I was trying to make it for Saturday services,” he said. “My blood pressure was going up and down — people were always looking out for me. But just to be there was so important. I really feel my faith helps me get through this stuff.”

An especially tough stretch came around the time his son Asher was turning 13. On the Friday night of the bar mitzvah, Goldberg was in such terrible shape that he had to leave and lie down. At the following day’s ceremony, though, he got up and danced.

“The bar mitzvah became this remarkable moment,” he said. “It really felt like a blessing.”

Goldberg’s parents, Irving and Esther Goldberg, live in Encino. His father was so touched by his son receiving the first kidney that he started a nonprofit called Transplant for Life.

“I felt I had an obligation to return my expertise in a way that would help increase organ donation,” the elder Goldberg said. “Transplant for Life was based on the mission of increasing donor awareness among the interfaith religious communities in our nation.”

They provided speakers for synagogues, churches and mosques and distributed kits that included sample sermons and prayers. For years they participated in the annual National Donor Sabbath, a three-day observance that encourages a nationwide dialogue about organ donation. This year’s Sabbath ran from Nov. 15-17.

While the transfer of organs can be contentious in Jewish culture, Transplant for Life found wide support.

“We researched all denominations of the Jewish community: Reform, [Conservative], Orthodox, ultra-Orthodox,” Irving Goldberg said. “We had close to an 80 percent positive response.”

The only real resistance came from the ultra-Orthodox, but even there, some approved of the process so long as specific criteria were met.

Transplant for Life was eventually absorbed by the Transplant Recipients International Organization.

The organ waitlist looks a lot different now than it did in 1995. There are more than 120,000 people who need an organ, and about 18 of them die each day. What once took six to nine months can now take up to five years, depending on blood type. For Goldberg, whose blood type is A, it’s two to three years, but he doesn’t even know where he’s at on the list.

The alternative to the waitlist is finding a living donor. Often family members or loved ones volunteer to help out. Goldberg found out the first time around that his close family members have positive cross-matches, meaning his antibodies will reject their blood cells. 

He had a donor lined up last spring, a friend whose kids attend school with his, but doctors discovered a rare condition in her kidney that meant she wasn’t a candidate. 

Donating a kidney traditionally required the removal of a rib. Now there’s a less invasive laparoscopic procedure with improved success rates and recovery time. Research shows giving a kidney doesn’t affect long-term health or lifespan. 

“You never know, there are people now donating kidneys who don’t know anyone,” Goldberg said, referring to so-called altruistic donations. “They just say, ‘I want to donate a kidney,’ and get connected.”

For now, it’s five nights a week on the machine. 

“It can be a challenge,” Goldberg said. “It’s emotional. I think we deal with it really well. You’re dealing with your body — you’re dealing with needles and blood and those sorts of things.”

But like any good professor, Goldberg tries to keep things in perspective.

“I was talking to the cantor a couple days ago. He was saying that for people who have a larger spiritual outlook — whether religious or just based on concern for a larger purpose in the world — it’s easier to fight off the feeling of self-involvement about your condition. Mine is bad, but there are worse things. Look outward. Ask yourself not just why you want to live, but what do you want to do that day in the world? Look beyond yourself.”


For more about Goldberg’s story, visit http://www.caringbridge.org/visit/michaelgoldberg

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The flavors of Thanksgivukkah

Organizers of the Thanksgivukkah Festival, a local celebration of the once-in-a-lifetime convergence of Chanukah and Thanksgiving, figured the Pico Union Project in central Los Angeles would be the ideal place to party. 

The building, much like the holiday, is a bit of a mash-up. Once home to one of the oldest synagogues in the city, it later became a Welsh Presbyterian church; its stained glass windows are inlaid with Stars of David as well as with names of Christian congregants. 

Representing communities as diverse as the building’s history, 500 people — Jews and non-Jews — turned out on Nov. 29 to eat, dance, play and avoid the consumer chaos known as Black Friday. “Light, Liberty and Latkes” was the motto of the day. 

“What better way to celebrate religious freedom, the freedom that the Maccabees fought for from the Greeks, the freedom that our American ancestors fought for?” said Craig Taubman, musician and producer of Sinai Temple’s “Friday Night Live” program. 

Taubman bought the historic brick building on Valencia Street in December 2012 to create a multifaith community arts center. Four different faith groups currently share the sanctuary, which is also used to hold performances and community events, he said.

The idea for the festival was hatched by Deborah Gitell, who coined and copyrighted the term “Thanksgivukkah” with her sister-in-law Dana. Based on popular online response and sales from Thansgivukkah-themed gifts, the Gitells knew there was plenty of excitement surrounding this unusual date. (The first day of Chanukah and Thanksgiving won’t coincide again for 77,000 years.) Ralph Resnick, head of rituals at Sinai Temple, introduced Deborah Gitell to Taubman, who agreed to host the festival.

Jeffrey Braer, a film producer from Culver City, was one of many who braved the rain to attend. He stood outside between food trucks and carnival games with his wife, Rebecca, a teacher, and children Emily, 5 and Jasmine, 3 months. 

“It’s a really wonderful experience, kind of a blending of Chanukah and Thanksgiving, of new traditions and old traditions,” Braer said. At home, the family celebrated differently this year and made sweet potato latkes and pecan pie rugelach to commemorate Thanksgivukkah.

At the festival, food was a major point of celebration. Aside from traditional Jewish dishes from Canter’s Truck and The Kosher Palate, the Dog Haus offered what it called the Thanksgivukkah Dog — a smoked turkey sausage, cooked with cranberries and sweet potatoes, and topped with latke-like Tater Tots in a bun. Bibi’s Bakery featured pumpkin-filled doughnuts, a festive take on traditional Sephardic holiday treats. Korean barbecue and Mexican food were available as well. 

Children and adults enjoyed eclectic performances throughout the day, including Jewish rapper Kosha Dillz, a mariachi group and gospel music. Jaclyn Beck, who sang some liturgy music with IKAR’s Hazzan Hillel Tigay, said she felt the festival represented a “Jewish renaissance” in the Pico-Union area, a community that hasn’t had a prominent Jewish presence since the 1920s. 

Next to a petting zoo and pony ride, children spray-painted designs on a pew under the supervision of Pico-Union graffiti artist/activist Mario Cruz, also known as Fenix Lax, 23. He was one of the many neighborhood residents and non-Jews at the Thanksgivukkah Festival. 

“I think it’s so dope that we can have so much culture here, so many people from different backgrounds. … I wanted to do it here because this is my community,” he said.

Although Thanksgivukkah won’t come again for eons, Deborah Gitell believes the sentiment of the combined holiday can live on. 

“This time of year, when everyone is in a Black Friday shopping frenzy, maybe there is a moment that we can stop and really think about being grateful for the freedom that we have in this country, and the rededication of community that Chanukah is certainly about.”

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AJR-CA dedicates new campus

With Chanukah marking the rededication of the holy temple in Jerusalem after the Maccabees’ defeat of Judea’s Seleucid rulers more than 2,000 years ago, the week of the holiday turned out to be the perfect time for the Academy of Jewish Religion, California (AJR-CA) to celebrate the opening of its new campus in Koreatown. 

More than 150 people showed up Nov. 24 for a hanukat habayit (“dedication of the home”) party that marked a new beginning for the school, which moved from a location on the property of Hillel at UCLA to 3250 Wilshire Blvd. in September.

“It’s a dedication. Chanukah was a rededication of the temple, [and] here we had a rededication for the academy and its new space,” AJR-CA president Tamar Frankiel told the Journal.

Founded in 2000, AJR-CA is a transdemoninational, rabbinical, chaplaincy and cantorial school. It strives to be a part of the puzzle of a Jewish landscape that — according to the school — had previously left out community members interested in a career at the pulpit but who did not affiliate with any of the major movements. 

Attendees at the event, which took place just days before the first night of Chanukah, included Jewish, Muslim and Christian clergy. They came together on a rooftop courtyard at the seminary’s Wilshire Boulevard headquarters to enjoy live music, food, guest speakers and more. 

Among the speakers were Frankiel; Imam Jihad Turk, president-designate of Bayan Claremont, an Islamic graduate school of Claremont Lincoln University; Rabbi Steven Leder, spiritual leader of Wilshire Boulevard Temple (WBT); and the Rev. David Jamir, senior pastor of Rosewood UMC Los Angeles.

AJR-CA, which is located one block west of Vermont Avenue, now sits within close distance of both WBT and Rosewood UMC, a Methodist church. This represents the diversity of the faith communities in the Koreatown area, Frankiel told the Journal.

Representatives of those institutions were among a “wide variety of people from across the community, old supporters, new supporters [and] alumni,” who turned out for the event, Frankiel said. 

There was plenty to celebrate. The event featured room-naming ceremonies for the 6,500-square-foot campus. Mezuzahs were installed, and attendees were treated to a tour of the campus artwork.

 “It was indeed a hanukat habayit,” AJR-CA co-founder Rabbi Stan Levy said in an e-mail to the Journal. “Perhaps not as momentous as the first Hanukkah of the [S]econd temple over 2,000 years ago, but in our own unique way part of the chain and fabric of Jewish religious history past, present and future.”

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Reform biennial opens to outsiders

First there was the Conservative movement’s October biennial conference, billed as “the conversation of the century” and opened up to presenters from outside the movement.

Then came the November General Assembly of The Jewish Federations of North America, which featured a “Global Jewish shuk: a marketplace of dialogue and debate” led by young Israelis and Americans from outside the federation world.

Now comes the biennial conference of the Union for Reform Judaism, which will be distinguished from past years by — you guessed it — opening up to outsiders.

For the first time, the conference, to be held Dec. 11-15 in San Diego, will be open to participants who are not members of Reform congregations. Learning sessions, which in past years were run almost exclusively by Reform staff, will be led in many cases by presenters from outside the movement. The Friday night prayer service will be open to all, not just conference registrants. And the night before the service, performers from the conference — from musicians to comedians — will go out to venues in the surrounding neighborhood to share Reform Judaism’s good cheer with greater San Diego.

Reform leaders say they’re not trying to be trendy; they want to bring the conference in line with the movement’s philosophy.

“We have opened the biennial as a symbol of where we are as the Reform movement,” Rabbi Rick Jacobs, the union’s president, said in an interview in his New York office. “Openness is our practice. It is not just a technique, a thing to do. It is who we are. It is theology. It is commitment.”

Jacobs said he wants visitors from outside the movement to “experience the incredible vitality and depth and openness of Reform Judaism in the 21st century.”

For Jacobs, the biennial will be the first he is running. The last one, held near Washington and featuring President Barack Obama as a speaker, was the movement’s largest conference ever and marked the transition from the leadership of Rabbi Eric Yoffie, Jacobs’ predecessor.

This year, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is slated to address the conference — a first for a sitting Israeli prime minister, though he’ll probably deliver the address via video rather than in person.

Other presenters include New York Times food writer Mark Bittman; Donniel Hartman, an Orthodox rabbi who heads the Shalom Hartman Institute; Ron Wolfson, a star of the Conservative movement and a professor at the American Jewish University; Israeli Knesset member Ruth Calderon; and Sharon Brous, a Conservative-ordained rabbi who leads the popular IKAR community in Los Angeles.

For the Reform movement, the question isn’t so much whether the four-day conference is a success but whether Reform Judaism can tackle the growing disaffiliation and disengagement in its ranks.

The recent Pew Research Center survey of U.S. Jews found that while Reform remains the largest American Jewish denomination, with 35 percent of American Jews, it ranks lowest of the three major movements on some key metrics of Jewish engagement.

Reform Jews are the most likely of the denominations to leave the Jewish fold. According to Pew, 28 percent of Jews born Reform no longer consider themselves Jewish by religion, compared to 17 percent of Conservative and 11 percent of Orthodox. Half of married Reform Jews have a non-Jewish spouse. Just 43 percent of Reform Jews say being Jewish is very important to them, and only 16 percent say religion is very important in their lives.

At 1.7 children per couple, the birth rate of Reform Jews is the lowest of the three major U.S. Jewish denominations and well below the replacement rate. Fewer than half of those children are enrolled in any kind of formal Jewish educational or youth program. The median age of Reform Jews is 54.

It is in this context, Jacobs said, that he was brought on a year-and-a-half ago as president to re-examine everything the movement does. He has articulated three strategic priorities for the movement: catalyze congregational change, engage young Jews and expand the movement’s reach beyond synagogue walls. Some programmatic changes along those lines are under way.

Next summer, the movement will open two new summer camps. The 6 Points Sci-Tech Academy, a science and technology camp outside of Boston, will be its 14th overnight camp, and the movement’s first summer day camp, Camp Harlam, will open near Philadelphia.

Since May 2012, a pilot group of more than a dozen synagogues has been working to overhaul the movement’s approach to bar mitzvahs as part of a program called the B’nai Mitzvah Revolution. The effort, the movement says, is intended “to reduce the staggering rates of post-b’nai mitzvah dropout.”

On the table is everything from how to make bar mitzvah preparation more engaging to making the celebrations themselves more traditional and meaningful. Dozens more synagogues are in the process of joining the program and adopting some of the more successful efforts.

Like its counterpart in the Conservative movement, the Union for Reform Judaism also is under pressure to demonstrate to its 871 member congregations that they are getting their money’s worth for the dues they pay.

The union now has a resource desk and hosts an online forum for congregational leaders to share ideas and resources. Consultants are available to provide congregations with strategic expertise. Congregational “network teams” work with synagogue leaders to figure out ways the union can be more helpful.

An initiative called Communities of Practice brings together like-minded congregations to work on strategies for programming for young adults, engaging young families, improving early childhood offerings and figuring out how to stabilize synagogue finances.

The union itself has shrunk slightly since Jacobs took over. Thirty employees were laid off in May 2012 as part of a general restructuring; the union now has about 350 employees. (Because it is a religious organization, the union is exempt from filing the 990 IRS tax forms that disclose detailed financial information, including Jacobs’ salary.)

For Reform Judaism to thrive, Jacobs says, everything needs to be reconsidered.

“When I was hired, that was the job description: Challenge everything, question everything, and make us stronger, make us more effective, make us more filled with the core meaning of the Jewish tradition,” Jacobs said.

“It’s not enough just to keep doing the same things with more vigor. You have to say: Is it effective? That’s exactly what is needed in every part of Jewish life. This is not a business-as-usual kind of moment.”

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Valuing the Reform perspective in the Pew report

The historian Simon Rawidowicz wrote a famous essay in which he described Jews, with our constant fear of extinction, as the “ever-dying” people. He wrote the essay approximately 60 years ago. Does that make him wrong or prophetic?

It seems that every few years, a major Jewish leader or study proclaims the “disappearance of the Jews,” arguing that assimilation and intermarriage place the future of the Jewish community — Jewish continuity — in serious danger.

Such was the case with the publication of the Pew Survey on Jewish Americans, a study that quickly rang the alarm bells of the “ever-dying Judaism in crisis contingent.” Amid this 200-page report, the most complete survey of the American Jewish community in more than a decade, provocative statistics blared with shocking — though not really surprising — numbers. 

The intermarriage rate among Jews who married in the last 10 years is 58 percent. 

Two-thirds of all Jews don’t belong to a synagogue.

The fastest-growing cohort in the Jewish community is the 22 percent of all Jews who define themselves as Jewish but not religious. 

This last statistic led to the other major headline of the study: While 93 percent of Jews 60 and older define themselves as Jewish by religion, only 68 percent of Jews born after 1980 identify as Jews by religion. Moreover, 32 percent describe themselves as having no religion, identifying instead as Jewish on the basis of ancestry, ethnicity or culture. Alan Cooperman, deputy director of the Pew religion project, put it this way: “Older Jews are Jews by religion. Younger Jews are Jews of no religion.”

This last category, young people who define themselves as Jews of no religion, what we would call cultural Jews, are by an overwhelming two-thirds majority also not raising their children in any religion.

The survey, moreover, found that approximately one-quarter of people raised Orthodox have since become Conservative or Reform Jews, while 30 percent of those raised Conservative have become Reform Jews, and 28 percent of those raised Reform have left the ranks of Jews by religion entirely. Significantly less movement is reported in the opposite direction.

The upshot of these two last data points — “cultural Jews raising their kids without religion” and “the steady decline in Jewish practice from one generation to the next” — led to a disturbing conclusion. Once Jews no longer define themselves as Jewish through religion, it is highly unlikely that they or their children ever will again. In short, when Jews walk away from shul, they don’t come back.

So what are we to do with this information? If the sky is falling, how do we hold it up? 

One response is to go back to Rawidowicz’s thesis, “Jews — an ever-dying people,” and see there in the looming demise of the Jewish people a silver lining. His premise was that crisis is “good for the Jews.” That seems ironic, I know, but a close look at Jewish history ancient and modern shows that we are good in a crisis, as bad as they are for us in the short term. In fact, we are in large part defined by our crises.

In the same way that the Yom Kippur War united Jews across denominational lines; that the cause of Soviet refuseniks empowered the Jewish federation movement; that a halt of Jewish teens traveling to Israel during the first and second intifadas gave birth to Birthright; and the overwhelming statistic also found in the Pew study — that 70 percent of the Jewish population of the United States has traveled to Israel — we should embrace this survey as the canary in the coalmine that it is and redouble our efforts to right the sinking ship. 

The Pew study also found that most non-Orthodox Jews enter and exit religious Judaism through the Reform movement. Reform Judaism is unique among the major Jewish movements in that it gets them coming and going. Thus, Reform Judaism has the opportunity to save Jews before they leave by providing meaningful religious experiences in a modern relevant context. Likewise, with its low threshold for acceptance, Reform Judaism is an ideal entry point for a cultural Jew to explore a religious identity.

The metric for an active, committed and engaged Reform Jew is not religious practice as it is commonly defined and understood in the other movements. How often you come to shul to pray is not a measure of how important Judaism is to you in your daily life. Rather, in Reform Judaism, we proudly teach that you can be Jewish in myriad meaningful ways that are not “religious” in the way that organized religion is off-putting to Millennials. Through study, social action, social justice, connection to Israel, Jewish music, art and culture — experiences that are open to any kind of family — Reform Judaism takes Judaism beyond the walls of the synagogue and into the 21st century of modern life.

When asked about activities or beliefs that are “essential” to respondents’ Judaism, the most common answer in the Pew survey was “remembering the Holocaust” (73 percent), “leading a moral and ethical life” (69 percent), “working for justice and equality” (56 percent) and “caring about Israel” (43 percent). Just 19 percent of the Jewish adults surveyed said observing Jewish law (halachah) was essential to what being Jewish means to them. But Pew didn’t just survey Reform Jews! The results just look that way. This survey of Jews across the board clearly shows that Reform Jewish priorities are in alignment with how the majority of Jews view modern Jewish values.

There are challenges, for sure:

• Synagogue membership is declining overall. Roughly four in 10 U.S. Jewish adults (39 percent) say they live in a household where at least one person is a synagogue member. Fifty percent of Conservative Jews belong to a synagogue, and only 34 percent of Reform Jews do.

• Intermarriage is increasing and leading to generations of religiously disconnected Jews, especially among the Reform population. Half of Reform Jews who are married have a non-Jewish spouse, and intermarriage is much more common among Jews who are themselves the children of intermarriage. Our principled and strategic response must be to embrace these families, not shun or ignore them.

• Reform Jews are generally less involved in Jewish life than are Conservative or Orthodox Jews. We must deepen engagement in the richness of Jewish life, not just for schoolchildren but for every Jew. And we can’t wait for them to walk in our doors. We have to go out and meet them where they are.

It is said, though not entirely accurately, that when asked why he robbed banks, the notorious Prohibition-era bank robber Willie Sutton replied, “That’s where the money is.” 

Well, Reform Judaism is where the Jewish identity is. We are the front line in the fight for the Jewish future. What Reform Judaism does at this time in history will tell the tale of what becomes of the Jews, our ever-dying, yet also ever-resilient people.


Rabbi Dan Moskovitz blogs at Valuing the Reform perspective in the Pew report Read More »

Israel should freeze Bedouin relocation bill

The writing was on the wall. The Prawer bill to regulate Bedouin settlement in the Negev will not go through quietly. Not because it is a really bad bill, and not because it fails to provide a critical and necessary solution for the regulation of unrecognized Bedouin localities, but mainly because of the attitude and approach taken by its authors and the Israeli establishment toward the Bedouin population.

The Israeli plan to relocate Bedouins cannot be properly discussed before a series of actions to mend the rift between them and Israeli authorities rebuild trust.

This past Saturday, Nov. 30, even before bulldozers fanned out to demolish unrecognized Bedouin localities and Israeli border and municipal police were called in to forcibly remove tens of thousands of Bedouin residents from their homes, the anger and fury had already erupted. 

In a series of demonstrations in various locations throughout Israel, dozens of police officers were injured in arresting scores of Bedouin protesters, who view Israel today as having set itself a goal of forcibly robbing their land.

In an interview I conducted for Al-Monitor on Nov. 26, Atia al-Asam, chairman of the Regional Council of Unrecognized Bedouin Villages, explained that the neglect and discrimination of the Bedouin population are preventing the Bedouins from accepting the principle of regulation put forward by the Prawer bill’s authors and planners. He maintains that the Bedouins have been methodically shunted to the sidelines of Israel, with no distinction made between their recognized and unrecognized localities.

But the rift between Israeli society and the Bedouins is not only the result of neglect and discrimination. Most of the Bedouin population in the Negev does not believe that Israel is truly seeking an appropriate settlement solution because of the daily war of attrition that has been taking place for years in their villages with members of the Green Patrol, Border Police and Israel Police, who arrive to demolish illegal homes. Thus, whole Bedouin clans, whose fathers served in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in patrol units and were skilled military trackers, view the Israeli establishment as ungrateful for their service.

Those sent to demolish the illegal homes the Bedouins have built — because Israel for years has put off finding a proper solution, from their perspective — wore official uniforms. The demolitions are called “operations,” during which police and border police suddenly arrive on the scene to carry out their work and clash with local residents, who witness their homes being demolished before their very eyes. Bedouin children and youngsters watch from the sidelines, perceiving the enforcers of law, representatives of the Israeli establishment, as the enemy. They will not be enlisting in the IDF as their fathers or older brothers had. The friendship that had existed since the establishment of the state has turned into hostility. The rift has become a regrettable fact.

On the Israeli side, the dominant terminology is military, concerning the struggle over land. It was in this spirit that Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman posted the following on his Facebook page, on Nov. 30: “We are not dealing with a social problem or housing crisis,” the minister declared, “but a struggle over the land, as it was even back in the 19th century upon the establishment of the first [Jewish] communities. … We are fighting for the national lands of the Jewish people, and there are those who are working intently to rob us of them and take control of them by force.”

Lieberman is not alone. Israeli discourse on Bedouin lands in recent years has revolved around “occupation,” “overtaking” and “losing the Negev.” Without official settlement solutions, however, and given the natural growth of the Bedouin population, the Bedouins have been left with no other choice than to build illegally and significantly expand unrecognized settlements.

The unexplained deferral in finding settlement solutions for the Bedouins, who were left outside the seven municipalities built in the 1970s, has created a deep rift with that population as a whole. During the demonstrations last week, protesters shouted, “Settler state,” referring to the attitude shown by the Israeli establishment toward the construction of Jewish settlements in the West Bank and East Jerusalem, and consideration for natural population growth in them, contrasting sharply with its dismissiveness toward the natural growth of the Bedouin population in the southern region of the Negev over the past 20 years.

Thus, social anxiety, a desire to preserve culture and tradition and differences of opinion over compensation and ownership of land have slowly grown into a battle over land — a battle between Bedouin land and Jewish land. The tension and bad blood are turning any solution, no matter how fair, into yet another maneuver in the war of attrition being waged over territory. Given this sentiment, there is no chance that the Prawer bill will pass without incident. Suspicion and hostility have overshadowed all else.

Therefore, before blood is spilled and the rift between the Bedouins and Israeli society becomes a terrible tragedy, everything must be put on hold and reconsidered together with the representatives of the Bedouins. There is no reason to insist on promoting the bill no matter what.

The Prawer Plan is not a bad plan. It may be lacking, because it does not take into account that Bedouins living in unrecognized villages do not believe the government is proposing a plan based on a sincere desire to ease their anguish and improve their future. At the foundation of the plan’s outline, however, some unrecognized villages were supposed to become permanent, recognized settlements that will receive development and infrastructure resources.

To get to the point of voluntary, unforced settlement, the parties need to rebuild trust in one another. This can be done in several ways: freeze promotion of the bill in its second or third reading; stop talking in terms of war over the land and start speaking in terms of peace; include Bedouin representatives — the heads of the councils and villages — in the talks on the details of the law; rezone the land to allow construction of permanent localities; and build trust between the Bedouin population and the Israeli establishment and society as a whole.

The Bedouins’ representatives, without exception, agree that solutions must be found to regulate Bedouin settlement of the Negev and admit that the current situation needs to be changed and addressed. Much work needs to be done, however, even before maps are drawn and compensation payments are calculated.


Shlomi Eldar is a columnist for Al-Monitor’s Israel Pulse (al-monitor.com), where a version of this originally appeared. In 2007, he was awarded the Sokolov Prize, Israel’s most important media award, for his work. Reprinted with permission.

Israel should freeze Bedouin relocation bill Read More »

Memoir highlights unlikely role in Gilad Shalit saga

Less than one year before Gilad Shalit’s 2006 abduction-heard-round-the-world, another, less infamous tragedy set events in motion that ultimately aided in the Israeli soldier’s release.

In September 2005, a relative of Gershon Baskin, founder and then-co-CEO of the Israel/Palestine Center for Research and Information (IPCRI), was kidnapped during a business trip in the West Bank. Despite Baskin’s efforts to track him down using his Palestinian contacts, the family member turned up dead six days later. 

On the day of the funeral, Baskin vowed that he would save the next person who was kidnapped. 

“I stood over his grave not only feeling terrible because my wife’s first cousin had been murdered, but because the family asked me to do something. I’d been working with Palestinians for two decades, and I couldn’t save his life,” Baskin told a small crowd at the Pasadena Jewish Temple & Center (PJTC) on Nov. 21. “And I swore to myself that night if ever again I was in a situation where someone approached me and asked me to help save a human life, I would do everything humanly possible.” 

Since 1988, Baskin has been working to bring peace to the Israelis and Palestinians through the IPCRI, a joint Israeli-Palestinian public policy think tank. In summer 2006, contacts from his profession came in handy — and he got his chance to live up to the promise he made to himself — when then-19-year-old Shalit was kidnapped by militants from the Gaza Strip.

Baskin had been attempting to organize dialogues between academics from Israeli universities and academics from Islamic University of Gaza, with which Hamas leaders were affiliated, and found himself in a position to try and help Shalit.

From successfully obtaining a sign of life of Shalit in the form of a personal handwritten letter, to convincing the soldier’s parents to contact the head of Hamas in Damascus, to venturing precariously into the Gaza Strip to meet with Hamas leaders in person, Baskin described his quest to save Shalit as all-in. 

As explained in his recently released book recounting his efforts, “The Negotiator,” Baskin, acting in an unofficial capacity — after years of trying to convince the Israeli government to let him do so — established secret, back-channel negotiations with Shalit’s kidnappers in the Islamist group Hamas. This helped pave the way for the deal that won the soldier his freedom, Baskin said. After five years of captivity, Shalit was released in exchange for more than 1,000 Palestinians who were being held in Israeli jails for carrying out attacks against Israelis.

That’s not to say he didn’t irritate many along the way, even in Israel. Several investigators, including official appointees of the Israeli prime minister’s office, were grateful for Baskin’s commitment but asked him to stay out of the case. Still, his dissatisfaction with how long it was taking to rescue the young boy in captivity kept him motivated, he said.

While Baskin’s presentation left out some of the juicer details — he was there to move copies of his new book, after all — there was another reason for his appearance, according to PJTC Rabbi Joshua Levine Grater, who extended the invitation to Baskin.

“It was one person who established a relationship and who built trust and who was not willing to give up, and that to me is kind of a metaphor for how we are going to bring peace in the world … one person at a time.”

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