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February 8, 2011

Court upholds agunah’s right to damages

A Tel Aviv court upheld the right of women denied a religious divorce by their husbands to sue for damages.

The District Court ruled that an Israeli woman who has been refused a religious divorce, or get, by her husband for the past 16 years has the right to receive nearly $200,000 from him in damages that had been awarded by a family court, The Jerusalem Post reported.

“The respondent had the right to a get from the moment she wanted one, and all the more so when she married the appellant at the age of 24, was with him for all of three months, and knew no comfort from him,” the judge wrote in a decision issued last week. “Today, almost 40 years old, she continues to suffer from his cruelty towards her. He prevents, and prevented her, from experiencing life’s joys, establishing a family, and especially from having children. We are talking about immeasurable damage that increases by the day.”

According to Jewish law, a woman may not remarry until she receives a religious divorce from her husband. A woman refused this get is called an agunah, or chained woman. In Israel, all marriages and divorces between Jewish couples must be in accordance with Jewish law.

The National Council of Jewish Women welcomed the court’s decision, calling it an important precedent for women in the Jewish Diaspora as well.

“The ability to win damages when the get process is abused by husbands will bring much needed relief to agunot, especially in the absence of legislative action that provides a legal, just, and moral solution to remedy the marriage inequality suffered by women,” the group’s president and CEO, Nancy Ratzan and Nancy Kaufman, said in a statement.

“The ruling by the court in Tel Aviv must be allowed to stand, but it does not relieve the Knesset of its responsibility to enact a comprehensive remedy. We hope the ruling brings that day closer.”

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‘Brooklyn’ mines pathos, humor of 1st-gen journey

The original title of Jake Ehrenreich’s show-in-the-making was a rather bland “Growing Up in America,” but, fortunately, it will open Feb. 16 at American Jewish University under the more pointed title, “A Jew Grows in Brooklyn.”

How the title change came about is described by his director, Jon Huberth, in the companion book to the show.

Huberth was phoning his partner to describe the new project, with Jake sitting in.

“It’s that one-person show,” Huberth started, “but it’s really more, because there’s this four-person band on stage, and there will be projections and singing and Yiddish lullabies and rock ’n’ roll and drum solos, and it’s about the Holocaust and the Catskills and Brooklyn and the search for identity.”

After a stunned silence, the partner asked, “Well, who are you doing this with?”

“Some Jew,” Huberth answered.

“A Jew from Brooklyn?” the partner asked.

Huberth: “Yeah, exactly, a Jew from Brooklyn.”

Jake, coming in: “Or in my case, A Jew Grows in Brooklyn.”

Huberth: “That’s it, that’s it.”

Jake: “What is?”

Huberth: “That’s the name of the show.”

That was about six years ago, and since then the show has been joyously reviewed in New York, Philadelphia, Miami, Chicago, Toronto and points in between.

As of now, Ehrenreich has performed the show more than 2,000 times, but calling from his home in upstate New York, he sounded as upbeat and fervent as if pitching “Brooklyn” for the first time to a potential Broadway mogul.

The larger message Ehrenreich hopes to convey is that “every one of us can deal with tragedy and still have an optimistic life,” and that “we are much more than our circumstances.”

Easier said than done; but Ehrenreich, at a youthful-looking 54, has apparently managed to live up to his motto.

He is, indeed, a Brooklyn native, the first American-born child of World War II survivors.

He was named Jacob (Yankel) Isaac (Yitzchak), though his parents, to the boy’s intense embarrassment, invariably called him Yankele, later refined to Yonkee, as in “I’m a Yonkee Doodle Dandy…”

His Polish-born parents had fled eastwards when the Nazis invaded their country; they spent the war in a Siberian work camp, followed by a displaced persons camp in Germany and emigration to America in 1949.

While Yonkee, like all kids born to immigrant parents, strove hard to become an all-American boy, the family was shadowed by tragedy.

His mother and two older sisters were diagnosed with Alzheimer’s while in their 40s and 50s, and succumbed to the disease. His father, whom Ehrenreich described as a brilliant writer and scholar, contracted Parkinson’s disease, but carried on as an upholsterer, dying at 87.

Yonkee became the family caretaker. “It was extremely stressful,” he recounted in a phone interview. “I knew I had to focus on something else, do something else with my life.”

In his show, Ehrenreich talks about the hard times, interspersing video excerpts from his father’s Holocaust testimony for Steven Spielberg’s Shoah Foundation — but there is also much more.

Yonkee, now transformed into Jake, found he had a talent for singing, dancing and telling funny stories polished enough to get him to Broadway in such productions as “Dancin’,” “Barnum” and “They’re Playing Our Song.”

He toured internationally as Ringo in “Beatlemania,” appeared in a host of off-Broadway and rock ’n’ roll shows, as emcee and vocalist in fashionable night clubs, and toured and performed with the likes of Whitney Houston, Jay Leno and Richie Havens.

He draws on all these experiences in “Brooklyn,” he said, belting out Yiddish tunes and rock, reliving his Americanization, his bar mitzvah, the Borscht Belt, a musician’s life on the road, drugs, women, his marriage to Lisa and the recent bar mitzvah of their son, Dovy.

“Brooklyn” ran for 18 months at New York’s Lamb’s Theatre, buoyed by word of mouth and such praise as the New York Times’ “dazzling … funny … touching.”

Later, in cities less attuned to the Brooklyn patois, the initial audiences were almost entirely Jewish, but again, mainly through word of mouth, non-Jews showed up, and now generally represent 30 percent of the audiences.

Ehrenreich likes to talk to his audiences during and after the show, and he is impressed by how many people, of all ages and ethnicities, identify with his background and stories.

“People talk about their own immigrant parents,” he observed. “About their holiday remembrances, their lives and their losses.”

“A Jew in Brooklyn” opens Feb. 16 and continues through March 6 at American Jewish University, 15600 Mulholland Drive, Los Angeles. Nightly performances, except Mondays and Fridays, with matinee and early evening shows on Sundays.

For tickets, call (866) 811-4111 or visit www.ajewgrowsinbrooklyn.com.

Ehrenreich and his show will subsequently move on to Palm Springs for an April 1-10 run.

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Errol Morris previews new ‘Tabloid’ doc for Brandeis alum

Last night the second floor of CAA played host to a group of Brandeis University alum who had come to salute the university’s expanding film studies program. On tap, along with the wine, champagne and tuna tartar, was a preview screening of Errol Morris’s latest documentary film “Tabloid,” about a 1970s sex-scandal —“Sex in Chains” as it was touted in the London tabloids—involving a beauty-queen, a Mormon, and eventually, five Korean-cloned pitbulls.

The daring non-fiction filmmaker, best known for his Oscar-winning portrait of U.S. defense secretary Robert McNamara in “The Fog Of War” appeared as a favor to Brandeis University president Fred Lawrence (ostensibly in town to raise the profile and likely needed funds for the new program). The event drew a handful of industry vets, including “Friends” creator Marta Kauffman, film and television producer Marshall Herskovitz (“Thirtysomething”, “Love and Other Drugs”), Janet Kurtzman Lonner (sister of CAA agent Rick Kurtzman and wife of former William Morris agent David Lonner) and producer Dan Adler.

Lawrence opened with remarks comparing Hollywood’s daring quest for “creative art and truth” to Brandeis’s academic mission. The university, which he depicted as a more progressive version of Harvard, was one of the first campuses in the country not to discriminate on the basis of race or religion.

“We got the American dream before America really got it,” he said.

Which brought him to Hollywood, that other bastion of the American dream, and, apparently, close ideological cousin of Brandeis. In fact the connection between Hollywood and Brandeis has deep roots: former studio mogul Lew Wasserman established a scholarship fund there, and legendary producer Sam Spiegel (“On the Waterfront”, “Lawrence of Arabia”) created a film fund in his name.

Morris, who is not a Brandeis alum but whom Lawrence said he considers “part of the family” introduced his latest doc as an “insane movie” that questions how we construct truth from reportage.

The film focuses on an ancient tabloid sensation in which a former Miss Wyoming, Joyce McKinney, was accused in the British press of kidnapping her Mormon boyfriend and raping him. But all is not as it seems, and the genius of Morris’s filmmaking technique is that he offers simultaneous but conflicting accounts of the story. In one thread, a virginal beauty queen tries to wrest the man she loves from the grip of a cult; in the tabloid version, a sex-crazed maniac assaults a pious man.

“I’ve always been interested in tabloid stories,” Morris told the crowd during an informal Q-and-A following the screening. But this one was especially compelling: “This is a two-part story: one about dog cloning, the other about a manacled Mormon. The combination of ‘A’ and ‘B’ was irresistible,” he said.

Morris compared his interest in the story to that of a film he made about a Holocaust-denying, electric-chair repairman. On their own, they’re not so interesting, he said, but together? Enrapturing.

Addressing questions about his leading lady’s sanity—McKinney is at once eccentric and effervescent, a real ‘character’ whose bizarrely endearing personality adds incomparably to the film’s entertainment value—Morris said, “I love Joyce – what’s not to love? She’s truly crazy.”

As to the veracity of her story? “I don’t know where the truth lies or if truth has any application in the story,” he said.

One of Morris’s apparent gifts is his ability to highlight the vagaries of human behavior, the point at which the distinction between truth and fiction is never clear. He is able to extract such blustering candor from his subjects—none of whom are actors – so much so, that their “real” feels more like a performance.

“I’m fond of saying in this town that the only difference between real people and SAG actors is that real people can act,” Morris quipped. As a director, he said, “My job is to elicit performance.”

It is in that kind of set-up staging that Morris blurs the line between what we think we know and what we may actually know. Truth and fiction are entirely subjective, he seems to be saying. Especially when it comes to the media.

“It’s not that truth doesn’t exist,” he explained. “It’s that we prefer not to know it.”

Errol Morris previews new ‘Tabloid’ doc for Brandeis alum Read More »

Justin Bieber’s Jewish father figure, Scooter Braun

Just before his sold-out Madison Square Garden concert in the new 3D documentary “Justin Bieber:  Never Say Never,” the munificently-coiffed teen crooner does something unexpected of the object of millions of girl-crushes around the globe:  He recites the “Shema.”

Bieber says the prayer with his Jewish manager, Scott Samuel “Scooter” Braun, the 29-year-old music business maven who discovered the singer on YouTube four years ago and has scheduled Bieber’s first concert in Israel on April 14.  The show at Tel Aviv’s Yarkon Park, which is expected to draw at least 60,000 viewers, will take place several days before Passover; while other artists have declined to perform in Israel for political and/or security reasons, Bieber and his mother, Pattie Mallette, a born-again Christian, are excited about visiting the Holy Land.  “Justin [even] told me he wanted to rearrange his touring schedule because he wants to do seder in Israel,” Braun said in a phone interview.

In the film, Braun – a Camp Ramah alumnus —figures prominently as a crucial father figure in Bieber’s life.  A marketing genius previously known for discovering rapper Asher Roth, Braun comes off as the patriarch of the “functional dysfunctional family” surrounding Bieber:  protecting him from screaming fans, making sure he recovers from a case of strep throat, ordering him to stop talking so much, as teenagers are wont to do, when his vocal chords remain inflamed.

Braun doesn’t discuss his Jewish background in the film, but he does describe how his expert nudging made Bieber a star.  Braun was browsing the Internet one evening when he came across one of Bieber’s homemade YouTube videos:  “I’ve got to find this kid,” he decided on the spot.  “I became obsessed.”

Bieber’s mother, Pattie Mallette, who at the time was living with her son in Stratford, Ontario, was at first distrustful of this pushy outsider.  But Braun won her over during a three-hour conversation in which he described his values, his emphasis on family and stories about how Braun himself was raised.  “My father would tell me that if no one in the room is being a man, you must stand up and be a man,” he said by way of example.

Braun also had a question for Mallette:  “I had seen a video of Justin singing some Christian songs and I found stuff online about how Christian Pattie was, so I said, ‘Look I just want to bring up something right off the bat:  I’m a Jew, does that make you uncomfortable?’” It did not, and Braun went on to use the Internet in a unique marketing strategy that made Bieber, in a relatively short 18 months, the most popular teenager in the world.

“With Justin,”  Braun told me, “I find myself sounding like my father a lot….The only way I’m going to have Justin transcend into an adult artist and continue the career he wants is if he understands the responsibilities he has.  If I don’t teach him how to be a man, he’s not going to be able to handle any of the pressure, or to take any accountability for his own actions, and he’s going to grow up to be exactly what everybody is expecting him to be, which is the teen star who then gets into drugs and alcohol and blows it all away. And I’m not going to let that happen to him.  I tell him, ‘Let me make this clear to you, Justin. You are not normal, you are extraordinary, so you will be held to extraordinary standards, which is the way I was raised.’”

How does one discipline a teen idol?  “You take away his phone, you take away his computer, you cancel something in his career so he can understand that we don’t just care about that,” Braun said.  “He’s got a curfew, he can’t just go spend his money, he can’t just do anything he wants, he has responsibilities, and he also has to show respect to people.”  Example:  When Bieber’s interview for a Vanity Fair cover story made him run late for a book signing, Braun had the teen apologize to the waiting journalists whose interviews would have to be rescheduled. 

The Vanity Fair cover shows Bieber covered with red lipstick kiss marks, and his tie, which is askew, appearing to be grabbed by the hand of a woman just out of frame.  How does Braun reconcile that image with the fact that his protégé is just 16?  “It’s a boy with kiss marks on his face, and I don’t think people should read that much into it,” Braun replied.  “It’s saying that Justin is loved and adored by girls….I didn’t have him with his shirt off, or in his underwear.”

How does Braun talk to Bieber about being the object of so much sexuality?  “It’s the same way I [deal with] everything else; we have to live within modern times and we have to be responsible for our actions,” he said.  “And the way Justin carries himself— he’s a role model—and I think he’s carrying himself as that role model; I don’t think he’s crossed any line at all.  There are parents, or older people who have been shocked to see him running around with his shirt off in a water fight in the movie.  But I don’t think that means he’s trying to be a sex symbol. I think if people are looking at it as ‘Oh my gosh, what is he doing,’ then maybe they should ask themselves why they’re looking at him like that.”

At this point in the interview, Braun, who hasn’t eaten all day, puts his father, Dr. Ervin Braun, on the phone, while assuring me he will “scarf” his In-N-Out burger so that we can continue our discussion.  Ervin Braun, a dentist, describes how his father survived Dachau and Mauthausen, and how his mother, who entered Auschwitz at 14, was the sole survivor of her family.  The dentist is named for one of his uncles who died of an infection shortly after liberation.  He was born in Budapest, where his parents met after the war:  “And then in 1956, when the Hungarian revolution broke out, my father orchestrated a spectacular escape through the night, literally on a horse-drawn wagon through the countryside until we got to the Austrian border,” he said.

Ervin Braun describes his family story as similar to Steven Spielberg’s animated Jewish immigrant saga, “An American Tail.”  “There was no persecution in America – that’s what we came here for,” he said.  “And my own son is a shining example of what opportunities one can find here.”

Apparently the young Scooter Braun was just as precocious a tween as Bieber.  One day he came home from Middle School in Greenwich, CT and announced big plans for winning a National History Day contest.  He made a 10-minute film, “The Hungarian Conflict,” “about my family, the Hungarian Jews and what they went through during the Holocaust.”  Braun won third place, even though he had had to primitively edit his video between two VCRs.  His grandmother sent the video to Steven Spielberg, who forwarded it to the United States Holocaust Museum, where it is still shown.  And Braun still has the letter Spielberg sent him praising the video; it’s framed in his Atlanta office.

The conversation steers back to how Bieber came to recite the “Shema” in the documentary, which opens on Feb. 11.  Apparently Bieber and his crew began forming “prayer circles” before each show, led by Mallette.  “I felt like if we were going to say a prayer ‘in Jesus’ name, amen,’ that Dan Kanter [the show’s music director] and I, who are Jewish, should be represented as well,” Braun said.  “We’d do the same if we had someone Muslim or Hindu in the group – we’re all-inclusive.  So Dan and I would say the ‘Shema,’ and after the third show, as we were about to say it, Justin chimed in.  I asked him, ‘What the heck was that?’ and he goes, ‘I memorized it.’  He was like, ‘This is something Jesus would have said, right?’ and I said, ‘yes,’ and he’s like, ‘Then I want to say it with you guys.’  I explained that it’s one of our holiest prayers, and that it means the Lord is one and he thought that was cool.  He knows it’s in ancient Hebrew; he knows that Jesus would have said it and since Dan and I are every close to him, he wanted us to feel included as well.  He’s a very special kid.”

Justin Bieber’s Jewish father figure, Scooter Braun Read More »

JCPA welcomes new state in southern Sudan

The U.S. Jewish policy umbrella welcomed the emergence of a new state in southern Sudan, but said the international community must be vigilant in bringing about a broader peace.

“With the release of the Southern Sudan Referendum Commission’s results today, the world will soon wake up to a new and independent country in southern Sudan,” the Jewish Council for Public Affairs said in a statement after the official results released Monday showed a decided majority favoring independence. “And if the United States and international community can maintain the level of involvement and influence that brought us to last month’s successful referendum, then peace and calm in Southern Sudan will seem possible for the first time in decades.”

Jewish groups have taken the lead on Sudan in pressing for rights for the country’s minorities.

The Reform movement’s Religious Action Center noted the referendum results and also called for maintaining the peace, but stopped short of welcoming the yet-to-be-named nation, instead “welcoming, with optimism, the results of the election.” It stressed that other areas of Sudan need attention.

“As we look with gradual optimism at these developments in the south, we must not forget about the ethnic cleansing in Darfur that continues, an estimated 2.7 million Darfuri civilians are still living in [displaced persons] camps and an additional 300,000 were displaced in 2010 alone,” it said. “There are also ongoing reports of blocked humanitarian aid and ongoing human rights abuses. We call for a continuation of the peace talks and a greater international pressure to end the atrocities that continue.”

President Obama has said he will recognize the new nation and press for a comprehensive peace.

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JDC staffer to chair Obama’s faith-based panel

President Obama named a top American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee official as chairman of his faith-based council, as well as a top Conservative rabbi to the council.

Susan Stern, the government affairs adviser to the JDC, will chair the President’s Advisory Council on Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships, a Feb. 4 White House announcement said.

“We are incredibly proud that Susie has been recognized by President Obama for her unparalleled leadership and lifelong devotion to repairing the world, contributing to America’s future, and improving Jewish lives around the globe,” JDC CEO Steven Schwager said in a statement.

Another of the 12 appointees is Rabbi Julie Schonfeld, the executive vice president of the Conservative movement’s Rabbinical Assembly.

One of the appointees, Lynne Hybels, has been active in Middle East peace advocacy through the Willow Creek Community Church.

The advisory council is the outcome of White House-led sessions last year with an array of religious leaders, including from the Jewish community.

Obama sought to continue President George W. Bush’s efforts to devolve community assistance to faith-based groups while reinforcing constitutional separations between church and state.

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Invite Israel to join NATO, Ronald Lauder tells Germans

Israel should be invited to join NATO, World Jewish Congress President Ronald Lauder wrote in a German newspaper.

Writing in an editorial published Tuesday in the major daily Die Welt, Lauder said current events in Egypt, Tunisia and other Muslim countries show both the forces of “freedom, democracy and economic participation” at work as well as “how unpredictable developments in the Middle East are.”

If NATO is to continue upholding “our basic principles and our Western way of life,” then Israel, “the only democracy in the Middle East,” deserves guarantees for its peace and security that membership in NATO would help provide, Lauder wrote.

Aside from the United States and Canada, non-EU NATO members include Iceland and Turkey.

According to the World Jewish Congress, Lauder sought to place his comments in a German newspaper in part “because Germany is one of the most influential NATO member countries in Europe, and probably more open-minded about such a suggestion” than many other European countries.

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Storahtelling taps Isaac Shalev, ex-Birthright NEXT exec, as new leader

Storahtelling has tapped former Birthright NEXT executive Isaac Shalev to become its next executive director.

Isaac Shalev, who helped launched Birthright NEXT and served as COO to the official follow-up program for Birthright Israel, will assume his new post on Feb. 15.

Shalev succeeds Amichai Lau-Lavie, who founded Storahtelling some 13 years ago. The organization pioneered taking the narratives and traditions of Old World Jewish liturgy and adapting them into modern performance art and storytelling.

Storahtelling informs and transforms the ways modern Jews relate to their cultural legacy, ritual celebrations and spiritual heritage, using what it calls “The Maven Method,” which integrates Judaism’s oldest teaching tools with contemporary stagecraft and educational techniques. The organization has satellite programs in Colorado, California and Israel. 

Lau-Lavie will continue working with Storahtelling as founding director, focusing solely on overseeing the organization’s work training Mavens around the world.

“For everything there is a season,” Lau-Lavie said in a statement announcing the hire of Shalev. “Building Storahtelling from the ground up has been a tremendous adventure. With so many talented people now on board, we are ready for bigger and better. I am proud of what we’ve achieved and am excited about our next chapter.”

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Maria Altmann, recovered Klimt paintings from Austria, dies at 94

Maria Altmann, whose seven-year battle to recover her family’s Nazi-looted paintings riveted the art and legal worlds, died Monday (Feb. 7) at 94 after a prolonged illness in her Los Angeles home.

Stripped of her childhood wealth, she became a multi-millionairess in her late eighties, after forcing the Austrian government to return five family-owned works by the Viennese art nouveau painter Gustav Klimt.

Subsequently, the paintings were sold for a total of $327.7 million. The crown jewel was the artist’s iconic “Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer,” Altmann’s aunt, which is now on permanent display at Ronald S. Lauder’s Neue Galerie in New York.

Maria Viktoria was born in Vienna in 1916 into a fabulously wealth family of assimilated Jews, all of whose possessions and art were taken by the Nazi regime after the 1938 annexation of Austria.

In 1999, E. Randol Schoenberg, a young Los Angeles lawyer, took up the seemingly hopeless effort to recover the Klimt painting. He took the case up to the U.S. Supreme Court and in 2006 Austria acceded to his demands.

In a sense, Altmann’s life embodied the rise and fall of the European Jewish upper class.

Born to immense wealth, Altmann’s family lost it all during the Nazi reign. After finding refuge in Los Angeles, she supported herself by selling clothes for mature women from her home

Even after regaining most of her fortune, she continued to live in her modest Cheviot Hills home and refused to part with her “beloved 1994 Chevy.”

An ardent opera buff. Altmann had little involvement with the Jewish community.

In 2005, she told the Jewish Journal, “Unfortunately, I wasn’t really raised Jewish. My husband, whose family came from Poland, was very strongly Jewish.

“We used to have arguments about that. I agreed to have a ritual circumcision for our sons, if he let me have a Christmas tree.”

Perhaps her closest relationship to the Jewish people, she said, derived from a sense of shared fate.

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Offering Appreciation: Parashat Tetzaveh (Exodus 27:20-30:10)

It is written that Rabbi Simeon asked Elijah: “What does the Holy One, blessed be God, study in the firmament?” Elijah said to him: “God studies the sacrificial offerings.”

The bulk of our Torah portion, Tetzaveh, is devoted to rituals concerning sacrifice. A vast amount of the 613 mitzvot is devoted to sacrifice, yet we rarely devote time to pondering them. Many of our liturgies have taken out any mention of sacrifice.

However, for nearly six centuries the altar of the Second Temple burned like a small sun. And just as the rays of an extinct star persist – coursing ever more distant galaxies – so too, the influence of that extinguished fire continues to evolve into the religious consciousness of ever more distant generations. That altar was a theological singularity into which our concept of holiness, ethics and understanding of God were compressed, and out of which world religions were forged.

In the ancient world, many cultures offered sacrifices to their gods. Two of the things that differentiated the Israelite cult from any other can be found when we look carefully at this week’s portion: The mysteries of the burnt offering and the blood.

“Turn all of the ram into smoke upon the altar. It is a burnt offering. …” (Exodus 29:18). In other cultures, the sacrifices were often considered actual meals for the gods. In one ancient Near Eastern text it was written, “The Anunnaki, the great gods, sat in hunger and thirst … like flies around the sacrifice they gathered.” In Babylonia, the idols were served two meals a day. In the morning, the images in the Temple of Uruk were served milk and fruit. In Egypt, the gods were served grand feasts.

However, in Psalm 50 we read, “Were I hungry, I would not tell you, for Mine is the world and all it holds. Do I eat the flesh of bulls or drink the blood of he-goats? Sacrifice a thank offering to God, and pay your vows to the Most High.” In the Jewish tradition, the sacrifices were not food for God. God does not eat flesh or drink blood, and even if God did have a hunger for anything at all, it is arrogant for man to presume the power to slake it. “All is from You, and it is Your gift that we have given to You. For we are sojourners with You, mere transients…” (I Chronicles 29:14-15). Even that which man gives is taken from God’s world in order to give, the same way a child borrows money from his mother to buy her a present.

The burning of the sacrifice was wholly unique to Israelite culture. There was no idol in the sanctuary to which to offer a meal. It was taken out of man’s world and irrevocably offered into God’s world. Through the act of burning offerings, the Israelite conception of God moved away from corporeality and into a sophisticated sense of the universe being multidimensional, with less tangible realities. The burning transferred the offering into the realm of the ethereal, moving the God-concept from concrete to abstract.

Along with the uniqueness of the burnt offering was the Israelite preoccupation with the blood offering. In our Torah portion it is written, “Take its blood and dash it against all sides of the altar” (Exodus 29:16).

The very life-principle, according to Israelite thought, was contained in the blood. Therefore it is considered repulsive to eat it, and of the highest crime to shed it. It is the miraculous ingredient that enables life to open its eyes and interact with the world, and so it is given special attention in the sacrificial system. The God of Life is not honored with the death of an animal, but rather with the offering up of its life-principle. In prayer, man offers up his awe-filled appreciation for the miraculous gift of life, for the secret of life which courses through him in his blood.

There is a tale that tells of the aged Rabban Johanan ben Zakkai visiting the ruins of the Temple with his students. One of his students cried out in sorrow, but Rabban replied, “Do not grieve, my son. We have a means of atonement that is equal to sacrifice: the doing of kind deeds. For it is said, ‘I desire mercy and not sacrifice’ ” (Hosea 6:6). Over time sacrifice evolved into kind deeds, prayer and study.

Whenever a minyan gathers at some distant point in the Diaspora and turns toward the direction of the ghost of the Temple, beneath a ner tamid, which recalls the ever-glowing light of the tamid offering, the memory of that small sun flickers on its phantom altar, the attentive and loving worship of several thousand years.

Zoë Klein is senior rabbi at Temple Isaiah (templeisaiah.com), a Reform congregation in West Los Angeles, and author of the novels “Drawing in the Dust” (Simon & Schuster) and “Scroll of Anatiya” (Wipf & Stock). She’s online at zoeklein.com.

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