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July 28, 2010

Solondz Infuses ‘Wartime’ With Singular Satire

Peering from behind oversize green-framed glasses, dressed in rumpled khakis and yellow sneakers, Todd Solondz looked the part of independent cinema’s reigning nerd incendiary as he discussed his new film, “Life During Wartime,” which turns his caustic lens on assimilated American Jewry.

“Life” is a kind of sequel to his suburban despair comedy, “Happiness” (1998), which revolved around the dysfunctional Jordan clan and included characters such as a nice doctor dad with a predilection for little boys. While the Jordans in “Happiness” were Jewish only in Solondz’s mind, he makes them explicitly MOT in “Life During Wartime,” which he calls his “post-9/11 film.”

The new movie opens as the pedophile emerges from prison while his ex-wife, Trish Jordan (Allison Janney), prepares for her son’s bar mitzvah and falls for a homely new beau (Michael Lerner) who attracts her because — like her — he wishes to be buried in Israel.

“Many Jews want to live the good life in the States and then get the good life in the afterlife by being buried in Israel,” Solondz, who is also known for “Welcome to the Dollhouse” (1995) and “Storytelling” (2001), said in his gravelly nasal whine. “But what about all the people who died in the Holocaust — they don’t get as good a ‘seat’ as the people buried in Israel? And you’ve got such a small piece of land to begin with; why would you want to take up space there? It’s perverse.”

The writer-director has been reviled in some quarters for this kind of satiric perspective. But as The New York Times noted in its laudatory review of “Life,” “To dismiss his attitude as cruel or contemptuous is to miss the compassion and the almost rabbinical ethical seriousness that drives his inquiries.”

Solondz, 50, is almost talmudic in his discourse. He grew up in a kosher home in New Jersey and attended yeshiva during elementary school but now describes himself as a “devout atheist.” (Asked why he peppers his speech with “Thank God,” he retorts, “It’s a metaphor.”) Yet he is considering a “Chabad-type” nursery school for his 18-month-old son, Elroy, so the child can feel part of the community if he so chooses.  Solondz’s mother fled Nazi-occupied Antwerp, Belgium, as a girl, and that trauma permeated his childhood home. It also inspired a segment of “Storytelling,” in which a daughter of survivors mouths platitudes about the Shoah in order to raise funds for Jewish charities, while mistreating her Salvadoran maid. When the housekeeper gasses the woman and her family to death, it is punishment “for trivializing and exploiting the tragedy of the Holocaust,” Solondz said.

Not that he is oblivious to modern-day anti-Semitism. “Jews have flourished in this country, so it seems unseemly to talk about it,” he said. “But in the larger world, it’s like the monster you can’t beat down; it’s tireless and endless and goes from Europe to the Arab world.” 

In “Life During Wartime,” the bar mitzvah boy, Timmy, is writing a speech inspired by his Torah portion, which deals with “Joseph forgiving his brothers for having screwed him,” Solondz said. Timmy asks his mother whether one should forgive terrorists who have a good reason for their actions; she is mortified and responds with clichéd answers.

“The movie also deals with how isolated Americans are from the reality of war — which also serves as a metaphor for the war within ourselves, the way we all have the capacity for kindness as well as cruelty or evil,” Solondz said “One of the things that troubled me about the response to ‘Happiness’ was that some people felt sympathy for the character [of the child rapist],” he added. “While I found him to be a tragic figure … sympathy I could never have for someone who succumbedto such instincts.”

Solondz envisions the pedophile as non-Jewish; in “Life During Wartime,” we learn that his ex-wife, Trish, has tried to distance herself from him by “becoming almost ba’alei teshuvah,” Solondz said. “In her mind, she married the gentile, and see what happened?” 

But just as Solondz pokes fun at the Zionist Trish, he satirizes Jordan’s pro-Palestinian sister Helen (Ally Sheedy), a rebellious screenwriter who has acquired a tattoo that reads “Jihad” in Arabic.

“It’s the best thing she can think of to appall her Jewish parents,” Sheedy quipped.

Solondz joked that his upcoming film, “Dark Horse,” is “the first time CAA likes my script, because there’s no child molestation, rape or masturbation in it. I’m hoping it will be a success, God will …” and he stops himself. “Knock wood,” he substituted, with a laugh.

“Life During Wartime” opens July 30 in Los Angeles.

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Israeli Police Officers Heading to Haiti

Israel’s Cabinet agreed to send a group of police officers to Haiti to maintain public order.

The 14 officers will assist the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti, which is working to uphold order and stabilize the area following January’s earthquake. The quake killed more than 100,000, left hundreds of thousands injured and damaged the homes of some 3 million people.

The group, which works on a voluntary basis, will operate as part of a combined force of Israel, Italy and Serbia.

In recent months, Israel’s Foreign Ministry, the Ministry of Public Security and the Israel Police have been in contact with the U.N. Department of Peacekeeping Operations and the Italian government and police force to advance the mission.

Immediately following the earthquake, Israel sent a field hospital and an evacuation and rescue team to the island.

“This is a Jewish and humanistic action, and it follows up on the rapidly organized activity that preceded it after the Haitian earthquake,” Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said July 25 following the Cabinet’s decision.

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Torah Rescue Group Agrees to Verify Scrolls’ Origins

A nonprofit group that rescues and restores Torah scrolls has agreed that it will only describe the origins of a Torah if it is independently verifiable.

In an agreement with state officials made public July 26, the Maryland-based Save a Torah said it would describe the origins of its rescued Torahs only “if there is documentation or an independent verifiable witness to such history.”

The agreement comes several months after The American Gathering of Jewish Holocaust Survivors and Their Descendants requested that the Maryland attorney general probe the work of Rabbi Menachem Youlus and Save A Torah Inc., a nonprofit foundation that supports the rabbi’s finding, purchasing and restoring of European Torahs.

A Washington Post article published in January suggested that the dramatic stories told by the rabbi of the scrolls’ origins were false. Questions also arose in 2008 after an article in The New York Times reported on allegations that a Torah scroll donated to the Central Synagogue in Manhattan was not actually saved by a Polish priest during World War II after Jewish prisoners entrusted it to him, as Youlus had stated.

“The fraudulent sale of so-called ‘Holocaust Torah scrolls’ by the group Save a Torah has been brought to an inglorious end as the result of legal steps by state officials of Maryland,” Menachem Rosensaft, vice president of The American Gathering of Jewish Holocaust Survivors and Their Descendants, said July 26.

Under the agreement with the Maryland secretary of state and its attorney general, Save a Torah agreed to “take all reasonable steps necessary to ensure that its board members, employees, independent contractors and other agents will only describe where a Torah was found or provide an account of its rescue if there is documentation or an independent verifiable witness to such history. In the absence of such verifiable proof, there will be no discussion of the circumstances under which the Torah was rescued so that those who dedicate or receive rescued Torahs can do so with total confidence.”

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Valley Couple Donate $100,000 to Cleveland Magnet Program

Cleveland Humanities Magnet High School in Reseda has received a $100,000 donation from Hagai and Jill Gefen, who credit the school for instilling a passion for learning in their three sons.

Inspired by the magnet’s commitment to innovative and interdisciplinary approaches to education, the Gefens hope their gift will provide additional resources to ensure the program’s continuity and prosperity amid staggering deficits within the Los Angeles Unified School District.

According to Bonnie Goodman, president of the Cleveland Magnet Parents Association, the money will foster the magnet’s commitment to “enhancing humanities curricula by furthering partnerships with social and educational institutions such as UCLA and Cal State Northridge.” The funds will facilitate greater research opportunities among students and teachers, according to Goodman.

The Gefens’ donation will also be used for the renovation of the magnet’s E hall, to create a welcoming gathering space for students. The Gefens plan to transform E hall — currently a crowded and uncomfortable space — into a more appealing and open outdoor setting by purchasing new benches and tables. A large-format printer will also be purchased, allowing students to print posters and participate in various art projects.

This is the first major donation for the Gefens. Hagai immigrated with little money from a kibbutz in Israel to attend college in the United States, and eventually formed his own hardware and audiovisual company, Gefen Inc. Jill heads the firm’s art and advertising/marketing departments.

The Gefens, whose three sons had their bar mitzvahs at Temple Kol Tikvah, were also motivated to donate to the magnet to express their values of tikkun olam and social activism.

Jill Gefen hopes the donation will “motivate people, especially parents, to continue to move the program forward through active involvement.” She adds, “Everyone can do something. Even in tough times, we have to step up. That’s when it counts.”

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Breast Cancer Mission to Israel Deadline Nears

Susan G. Komen for the Cure, the world’s largest breast cancer organization, is heading to Jerusalem with Hadassah and its other Israel Breast Cancer Collaborative partners in October. But the Aug. 5 deadline to register for the mission is fast approaching.

The week of events — Oct. 25-29 — will feature an invitation-only think tank on early detection, sessions for mission delegates with Israeli officials and nonprofit organizations, as well as Israel’s first Race for the Cure around the walls of Jerusalem’s Old City on Oct. 28. Jerusalem Mayor Nir Barkat, whose city is a collaborative partner, will host the race.

“In a city that is significant to all faiths, we will bring together all faiths in this battle,” Nancy G. Brinker, Susan G. Komen for the Cure founder and CEO, said at Hadassah’s national convention in Florida on July 26.

In Israel, breast cancer is the leading cancer among women and is increasing rapidly, striking 4,000 women each year. Research funded by Komen over the years has identified genetic mutations that make Ashkenazi Jewish women potentially more susceptible to the disease.

To register for the Komen Israel Mission or for more information, visit komen.org/israel.

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Hebrew Optional: Santa Clarita Charter High School Set to Open

A new public charter high school in Santa Clarita that was to have required Hebrew language instruction as a “key component” of its curriculum will open this fall with 200 students — who will not be required to study Hebrew.

The seventh-, eighth- and ninth-graders entering the Albert Einstein Academy Charter High School (AEA) in the fall will be required to study one language for four years — they’ll have the choice of Spanish, Latin, Greek, Arabic and Hebrew — and will have the option of studying a second foreign language as well.

The first charter application submitted by AEA was rejected by the trustees of the William S. Hart Union High School District in a 2-2 vote in February. The two members who voted against it cited concerns about the Hebrew-heavy curriculum — students would have had to take Hebrew for four years as well as a second language for two years. The trustees also felt that the school might specifically target Jewish students. A revised charter application — with the Hebrew requirement removed — was approved by the district in a 4-0 vote in March.

At a standing-room-only information session held July 22 at the Santa Clarita Hyatt, the 200 parents and students in attendance — many of whom were already enrolled at AEA — seemed more interested in topics other than language instruction.

AEA Principal Edward Gika outlined the school’s philosophy, the accreditations it would apply for and the extracurricular activities it planned to offer. After fielding questions from the audience — many of which related to the school’s uniform — Gika introduced Rabbi Mark Blazer of Temple Beth Ami, executive director of AEA. Gika did not mention Blazer’s rabbinic title.

AEA has leased a 16,000-square-foot office building, and Blazer said that construction would be completed by the first day of school, Aug. 30. A second phase of building, planned for summer 2011, will add an additional 5,000 square feet, allowing AEA to add a new grade every year. The student body is projected to reach capacity — 450 students — in the fall of 2013.

Marni Morse, who is a member of Temple Beth Ami and attended the info session, said she was excited by the “solid focus” of AEA’s leadership, and that she “loved the fact that it’s language-based.” Her son will be entering AEA in the eighth grade. “He wants to take Latin,” Morse said. “I’m just excited for him to take something.”

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Jewish Journal Looks Forward to Prosperous Future Through Diversification, Reorganization

The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles is marking its upcoming 25th anniversary with a wide-ranging reorganization and diversification of its corporate structure, media services, community role and financial base.

To reflect the changes, The Journal will become part of the newly established Tribe Media Corp., “which will redefine community journalism for the digital age,” according to Rob Eshman, editor-in-chief of The Journal.

“Our goal is to use every technology at our disposal to inform and convene our community and to bring our community’s ideas and values to society at large — while creating a thriving, sustainable business,” Eshman said. “This is the future of community journalism.”

A small group of community-minded business executives is backing the newly formed company with its expertise and investments.

Led by The Journal’s chairman of the board, Irwin Field, the group also includes Art Bilger, Internet executive and venture capitalist; Peter Lowy, group managing director of the Westfield Group, one of the largest retail property companies in the world; and an anonymous donor.

The group has jointly committed $800,000 to the new company over the next two years and is joining in developing a new business model, which, it believes, the Jewish media must adopt if it is to survive.

Currently, most Jewish community weeklies rely on advertising, subscriptions and substantial subvention from local Federations, but many face a constant struggle for survival.

The Jewish Journal is not affiliated with the local Jewish Federation. It is available by subscription but also offers free copies at bookstores, delis, synagogues and other locations, with a 95 percent pickup rate, which in turn has attracted some large commercial advertisers targeting an affluent readership.

A second part of the new model will be substantial investment by private business people or foundations, Eshman said; the third is diversification.

Following that rule, Tribe Media Corp. consists of five divisions: The weekly Jewish Journal; a new monthly magazine, Tribe, covering the west San Fernando Valley and the coast from Malibu to Santa Barbara; jewishjournal.com, already America’s most widely used Jewish news site; TRIBE Live! for the production of live events and videos; and Everyjew.com., a fast-growing social network launched in August 2009, now with about 4,000 members.

The new business model will be under constant review, Lowy said, noting that “we may need five to 10 years to see whether the model will work,” but adding that he sees his investment as part of a long-range involvement.

Bilger, founding partner and managing member of Shelter Capital Partners, said Tribe’s financial future will depend on the general economic environment, participation of additional investors and “how quickly we can ramp up the digital component of Tribe.”

Already, jewishjournal.com has become the largest Jewish news Web site outside Israel, with 380,000 monthly unique viewers. Eshman expects this figure to rise to 500,000 viewers by the end of this year, and eventually to 1 million.

Lowy, Bilger and the anonymous investor have joined Tribe’s board and executive committee, along with Leon C. Janks, managing partner of Green, Hasson & Janks LLP.

They will take an active part in developing the business side of Tribe but will adhere to the policy followed by Field and previous publishers of noninterference in the editorial independence of the paper and Web site.

“I hope we will continue to represent a variety of views, and we should never stifle dissenting opinions at any time,” Bilger said. “Our job is to make sure that we have the best people possible working for Tribe.”

Primary day-by-day responsibility for translating the new business model into revenue will rest with Steven Karash, Tribe Media’s executive vice president for advertising and marketing. Karash served for 10 years as national advertising director for the Los Angeles office of the New York Times Media Group.

When the Jewish Journal was founded in 1986, the Jewish Federation of Greater Los Angeles and some of its leaders played a major part in its establishment, but in 2005, both sides decided to sever the relationship.

The current Tribe reorganization, however, occurred without input from the Federation or any of the veteran community leaders.

To some observers, these factors represent a generational shift in the power structure of the Los Angeles Jewish community, but Lowy and Bilger have a somewhat different perspective.

“We live in a much different world than when I came to Los Angeles 20 years ago,” said Lowy, 51, who arrived here from his native Australia. “My colleagues and I run our businesses with a global view, and the Jewish community will have to operate increasingly with a similar outlook,” he said.

Bilger, who is in his 50s, said what persuaded him to become involved with Tribe was the challenge of an interesting project and, like Lowy, confidence in Eshman’s vision and ability and the dedication of the Tribe Media staff.

“I believe that Tribe and The Journal can play an increasingly important role, not only in Los Angeles but on the national and international Jewish scene,” Bilger observed.

Focusing on Los Angeles alone, where only 20 to 25 percent of all Jews have any kind of Jewish affiliation, Tribe can be the primary connecting point between community members, Field said.

Lowy lauded Field for his outstanding job as chairman of the board of The Journal, whose 150,000 weekly readers in Southern California make it the largest Jewish weekly in the United States, outside New York.

However, Lowy added, it became clear to him that “without major new investment, the paper’s survival was at risk.”

As for the future, Lowy said he envisions Tribe generating between 90 and 95 percent of its operating budget through advertisements and other revenue sources, and 5 to10 percent through philanthropic investments.

Aside from their business careers and heavy civic involvements, Field, Lowy and Bilger are longtime activists in Jewish and Israeli causes.

Field is a former chairman of the Los Angeles Jewish Federation, a governor of the Jewish Agency for Israel, served as board member of the American Jewish University and National Foundation for Jewish Culture, and currently is heavily involved with the Technion and the Israel Museum.

Lowy served as chairman of the board of American Jewish University, and he and wife Janine are involved supporters of the Milken Commmunity High School, Etta Israel Center, Jewish Federation, Camp Ramah, Jaffa Institute, Pressman Academy of Temple Beth Am, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Simon Wiesenthal Center and the Washington Institute for Near East Policy.

Bilger is vice chairman of the Skirball Cultural Center, and, with wife Dahlia, active in Bet Tzedek legal services and StandWithUs, a pro-Israel educational organization.

In a recent article on the front page of the Los Angeles Times Calendar section under the headline “New Life for Jewish Journal,” media columnist James Rainey commented that The Journal was successfully meeting the tough challenges posed by the national economy and the general media market.

“By banking hard on two of the most robust growth trends in 21st century media — niche journalism and philanthropy — The Jewish Journal appears to have extended its life expectancy and expanded its coverage of Jewish life in Southern California,” Rainey wrote.

“If the experience holds lessons for other ethnic and religious-oriented publishers, it’s that you can do good by being good,” Rainey added. “But it’s just as important to have a business plan, friends in the right places and a target audience with a lot of disposable income.”

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Let the Maccabi Games Begin

It was Erin Silverman’s first Maccabi Games experience. On a sweltering August night in Detroit, she stood side by side with her teammates during the opening ceremonies as they neared the entrance of the Palace of Auburn Hills, the home arena of the NBA’s Pistons.

It was 2008, and Erin, then 14, was eagerly anticipating the Maccabi Games’ Olympic-style softball competition. She had started softball at 4 years old, and the games presented her with an opportunity to play for the biggest audience yet.

Although Erin was born and raised Jewish, the Maccabi experience was more about softball than Judaism at the time.

But that changed in a matter of minutes.

“I think the time that I actually realized that it was more than just [about sports] was when we walked right into opening ceremonies my first year,” Erin said. “And we were in this holding area, where we looked and there were a bunch of athletes and their coaches, and they were all Jewish. I just remember realizing that there was a bigger community and I was part of that.”

Jewish Community Centers around Southern California will send their teams, which feature young athletes with varying degrees of Jewish observance, to compete during the Maccabi Games in cities like Denver (Aug. 1-6), Omaha, Neb. (Aug. 1-6), Richmond, Va. (Aug. 1-6), and Baltimore (Aug. 8-13).

The JCC at Milken’s delegation, known as Team Los Angeles, will compete in track and field, boys’ soccer and baseball (13 to 14 years old) in Denver; boys’ soccer and baseball (15 to 16 years old) and girls’ soccer in Richmond; and table tennis, tennis, girls’ softball, boys’ basketball, boys’ soccer and lacrosse in Baltimore.

Team Long Beach, the delegation from the Alpert Jewish Community Center, will compete in basketball in Denver. And Team Westside, out of the Westside Jewish Community Center, will travel to Omaha for swimming, tennis, boys’ soccer, girls’ soccer, boys’ basketball and baseball.

In addition to providing forums for athletic competition, one of the tenets of the Maccabi Games is “to cultivate a deeper understanding and instill an appreciation of Jewish values within Jewish youth, enrich their Jewish identity in an informal setting, and encourage their identification with the state of Israel,” as written in the games’ mission statement.

Some athletes who come to the Maccabi Games have a strong Jewish foundation, while others come from interfaith backgrounds and have little connection to Judaism. Still others have been raised Jewish but say they might have lost touch with their religion, according to Maccabi coaches.

Two summers after Erin’s first exposure to the Maccabi Games, she says she has developed a stronger, significant connection to Judaism.

“I think without the games I wouldn’t have the drive to get people to go to services and to get more involved in Jewish activities,” she said.

Erin traveled to Israel last year and plans to attend more Shabbat services in the future. She is eagerly anticipating summer 2013, when she can play in the 19th Maccabiah Games — an Olympics-style competition held every four years in Israel for athletes 18 and older.

Siblings Hayley and Andrew Hacker, who competed in past Maccabi Games as swimmers for Team Westside, are upset that they won’t be competing this year.

Hayley remembers vividly her first Maccabi swim meet three years ago, where the “two worlds” of athletics and a Jewish cultural experience overlapped.

“I never envisioned sports and my faith coming together,” she said.

Andrew, 16, who considers the Maccabi Games his “second step” in cementing a tie with the religion after his bar mitzvah, said he is “very disappointed” he will be unable to compete this year due to his involvement with Junior Lifeguards.

And Hayley, now 17, has passed the age limit to compete. However, she hopes to return to the Maccabi Games in the future as a coach.

“It was such a positive environment and such a warm, safe place,” Haley said. “It was just really fun to be there.”

Liana Moss, 14, a softball player entering her second year for Team Los Angeles, experienced a transformation similar to the one Erin describes.

“Before I went to the Maccabi Games, I didn’t understand the importance of showing and representing my Judaism,” she said.

Liana had a bat mitzvah, but said she stopped attending Hebrew school afterward. Her mother, Laura, described their family as “not super-observant.” They celebrate Shabbat and “have a Jewish home,” she said, but do not often attend services.

After playing in the Maccabi Games, Liana said she now feels a “duty” to pass on Judaism to her future children. She was also inspired to start her own charitable organization at school after a day of charity work at the 2009 games.

Hal Sandler, who has coached Maccabi baseball for 19 years, said the games foster bonds between athletes and inspire a connection to Judaism where a connection might not have existed before.

“I think there’s a lot of kids Jewish by birth, but not exactly practicing Jews, and I think they find their Jewish identity at these games,” Sandler said. “When you’re around 2,000 or 3,000 Jews, you all have something in common besides that you play sports.”

In addition to sports and the opening ceremonies, planned events for the athletes including dances and trips to amusement parks as well as an annual Day of Sharing and Caring, which requires athletes to devote a half day to working with a charity.

Like Liana, the Day of Sharing and Caring inspired Madison Dang, 16, to get more involved in charity work. And he said the games helped to solidify his somewhat complex Jewish identity.

“It’s really an adventure for me … because my mom is Jewish and my dad is Chinese,” he said.

Madison, who had a bar mitzvah, describes his Jewish home life as “great” and “strange” simultaneously.

Madison is entering his third and final year of play in the games as the captain of the JCC Milken baseball team.

“These Maccabi Games are a great way to really understand your heritage and your religious background while competing with other Jewish kids in a very friendly matter,” he said. “That whole concept will stay true to me for the rest of my life.”

This year marks the first games for basketball player Alex Monsegue, 15, whose diverse background includes Portuguese, African American, German and English roots.

Alex converted to Judaism with his mother when he was 8 years old and, for the past six years, has been a regular at Leo Baeck Temple. He calls his faith “the core” of his life and was thrilled when presented with the opportunity to combine his two passions: Judaism and basketball.

On Aug. 8, Alex will join the throng of Jewish athletes and coaches at the opening ceremonies in Baltimore. And as the torch is lit, his own Maccabi experience will begin.

“When I heard about the Maccabi Games, I thought it was the coolest thing possible — Jews from all over getting together to compete with each other,” Alex said. “As a serious athlete, it made me very happy that sports had an important place in Jewish life. I hope that, while this will be my first Maccabi experience, it is just the beginning.”

Let the Maccabi Games Begin Read More »

Opinion: When Right Becomes Left — and Right?

The idea of a single state between the Jordan and the Mediterranean, in which Jews and Arabs live together, has been a third rail in Jewish political discourse since the creation of the State of Israel. It stands in stark contrast to the vision of two contiguous states, Jewish and Arab, based on the principle of partition and embedded in United Nations General Assembly Resolution 181 of Nov. 29, 1947. It is this latter vision that has anchored Israeli policy for decades, up to and including the present government of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. That is why the growing calls for a one-state solution by advocates of the Palestinian cause have raised alarm bells, provoking fears of the delegitimization of Israel as a Jewish state.

And yet, a cursory survey of the past reveals that the idea is not foreign to Jews, not even to Jews who considered themselves Zionists. Some 80 years ago, a small group of Central European Jews, a good number of whom were professors at the new Hebrew University, organized themselves as Brit Shalom (Covenant of Peace). The group asserted, in its manifesto of 1930, that it was a Zionist movement based on the Balfour Declaration, the British document from 1917 that declared Palestine “a national home for the Jewish people.” Brit Shalom represented, however, a different sort of Zionism. Palestine should be “neither a Jewish State nor an Arab State” but a binational state in which Jews and Arabs receive equal rights. Nor must there be, according to the group, a Jewish majority in Palestine, as other Zionist groups insisted.

Brit Shalom’s career was short-lived; it was founded in 1925 and lost steam by 1933. Its core ideas never won a large audience, though they did continue to be advanced by a few notable figures up to 1948, including the philosopher Martin Buber and the American-born Judah L. Magnes, as well as the socialist Zionist movement, HaShomer HaTsair. Since that time, a small cluster of Israeli Jewish intellectuals have held on to the idea — for example, those associated with the Communist break-away group Matzpen, as well as a number of academics today such as Amnon Raz-Krakotzkin and Yehouda Shenhav.

This is what makes all the more surprising — indeed, stunning — the re-entry of the idea of a single state between the Jordan and Mediterranean in Israeli public discourse.  Politicians unmistakably identified with the right side of the Israeli political spectrum have begun to advance their own version of a single state between the Jordan and Mediterranean. (A similar idea has also been proposed of late by Asher Lopatin, a modern Orthodox rabbi from Chicago.) To be sure, not all notions of a single state are binational, for the latter implies recognition of the collective existence and rights of two nations. This is not what the right-wing one-staters have in mind.  Most of them advocate a single state that will remain Jewish as a formal legal matter, but would provide full civil rights for Arabs as individuals, regardless of which side of the Green Line they reside on.

An opening salvo in this new campaign was launched by an old stalwart of the Likud party, Israel’s former Defense and Foreign Minister Moshe Arens, in an opinion piece in Haaretz from June 2. Arens called for the extension of Israeli sovereignty to the West Bank in return for full rights of citizenship for Palestinians dwelling there. The logic of this position is two-fold: First, Arens believes that it would be both impracticable and immoral to uproot Jewish settlers from those areas he prefers to call Judea and Samaria; and second, he believes that Arabs in a Jewish state require and deserve full rights. In fact, he argues that the Arab (and overwhelmingly Muslim) minority in Israel has yet to receive such rights, for which Arens blames, in the first instance, the Israeli government.

A long article in the weekend supplement of Haaretz from July 16 made clear that he is not alone. A diverse range of thinkers on the right, including Knesset Speaker Reuven (Rubi) Rivlin; Likud MK Zippi Hotobeli; former director-general of the settlers’ group Yesha Uri Elitzur; and former MK Hanan Porat, from the religious Zionist Mafdal party all expressed their support for one version or another of a single state. At the heart of their thinking is the desire to overturn the long-standing logic of partition, which would require the evacuation of tens of thousands of settlers, in order to create a Palestinian state. Those interviewed in the article also expressed serious moral and political qualms about the ongoing occupation and the goal of separation. Thus, Rivlin declares that “I would rather that the Palestinians be citizens of this country rather than divide the land.” Elitzur, for his part, is concerned that “an entire population is under the control of Israel, but does not have rights of citizenship in Israel. This is unacceptable on a permanent basis.” Porat undermines another taboo of Israeli Jewish political discourse by insisting that “there is nothing threatening about a ‘state of all its citizens,’ ” which is usually seen as the antithesis of a state of, by, and for Jews. Meanwhile, Hotobeli issues a sharp rhetorical blast by claiming that Israel’s 43-year control of the West Bank has meant that “we have been transformed from occupiers to murderers, to put it bluntly.”

This striking set of positions from a segment of the Israeli political elite has a bottom-up parallel: dialogue between settlers and Palestinians on the ground in the West Bank. The organization Eretz Shalom (Land of Peace) has begun to arrange gatherings in which the two groups meet to talk about matters of common interest. The goal of the gathering is not to solve ultimate political questions. As one of the leaders of the group, Emily Amrousi, states: “We will [one day] discuss the question of one state, but in the meantime, it’s possible to talk of one land.”

In fact, this recent trend from the Israeli right in fact has deep roots in the Zionist past, and not only in the narrow circles out of which Brit Shalom developed its binational agenda. The grand architect of the ideal of a single state from the Mediterranean to the Jordan (and beyond) was none other than Vladimir Zev Jabotinsky, the founding father of Revisionist Zionism and revered mentor of the late Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin. As late as 1940, Jabotinsky was advancing his vision of a Jewish state with a Jewish majority, but one in which the premiership would rotate between Jew and Arab, and in which “the Jewish and the Arab ethno-communities shall be recognized as autonomous public bodies of equal status before the law.”

The present-day heirs of Jabotinsky who advocate a single state do not yet have clear answers to very difficult questions: How to preserve a Jewish majority so that the state remains Jewish, as is their declared wish? How to entice Palestinians to buy into the plan? How to entice Jews to share their state more fully with Arabs? How to balance group rights with individual rights? What to do with Gaza, which is not included in any of the neo-one-staters’ plans? And what happens if and when Arabs become a majority in this state?

These difficult questions notwithstanding, the boldness of this current of thought can serve as a catalyst to revive an otherwise moribund policy debate devoid of fresh ideas. Perhaps the anxiety generated by discussion of a single state by credible and security-conscious Israeli politicians will prompt advocates of the two-state solution — in Israel and in Palestine — to assume more urgency and take the very difficult steps that will be necessary for it to be realized (e.g., Israeli withdrawal from the West Bank, compromise on Jerusalem, Palestinian acceptance of Israel’s right to exist and surrender of the demand for a right to return to Israel).  But it is not just the competition of ideas that is important here. If it turns out that the two-state vision cannot be realized — a sad and ever more likely possibility — it is important to have a ready and publicly debated alternative so as to avoid lapsing back into another convulsion of bloodshed born of stasis. Taboo as it is, the revived one-state idea may just be one among several such alternatives.

David N. Myers teaches Jewish history at UCLA.

Opinion: When Right Becomes Left — and Right? Read More »

Do Nannies Have Nannies?

I can understand the concept of a nanny when there is no other choice, but when there is one it just seems a little too much.  A few days ago, I encountered another one of these “situations” and again I was horrified, or better yet: nannified.

There I was with my son again at the Lego store in Glendale.  My son was building a Lego wonderland at one of the play stations when out of nowhere appeared two well-behaved boys (less than one year old and probably a little over two years old) who began playing alongside my son.  Soon after the boys came in, a woman followed who I thought was their mother (I never know these things; I just assume that once in a while one can witness children with their mother at the mall), and I wasn’t disappointed because right behind THAT woman was Jamba Juice-sipping, Urban Outfitters bag-carrying mother.

The nanny quickly rushed to watch the boys play alongside my son.  The boys’ mom took a seat at one of the Lego stations searching her Blackberry and sipping her juice.  The nanny looked tired trying to keep both boys from fighting with each other over the Lego pieces.  All of a sudden, mom walked over to the nanny.  “Did you feed them their peanut butter sandwiches?”  The nanny responded that she hadn’t yet, because she hasn’t had time and thought it would be better for them to eat after they played.  The mom responded casually with an “Okay, whatever you think is best.”  And explained to the nanny that she would be sitting outside of the store because she couldn’t handle all the noise.  All the noise? There were a total of three children in the entire store (my son and the two boys) who were playing quietly and building.

The nanny smiled at the mom.  “Sure,” she said.  “Please relax.”  But her smile soon faded after mommy turned and walked outside.  I glanced over at the nanny and smiled.  She did not smile back. I could not imagine what was going through her mind.  (I really wanted to know.)  The mother came back a few moments later and asked the nanny, “Do you think they have played long enough?” The nanny responded that they needed some more time to play.  WIthout saying a word, almost robotically, Mom walked back out of the store.

There was never any interaction between Mom and the boys, not even a mere “hello” or hug.  Mom was in her own world of crushed frozen fruit, apparently.  The nanny looked tired and angry. Was it really necessary to bring a nanny along to the mall?  Could she not have had the day off since Mom was around with time to assume responsibility?  And why was it necessary to even have kids that you have someone else look after?  I couldn’t understand.  I never really get it.  Why have a nanny if Mom is around?  When does Mom get her duties back and nanny gets the day off?

If moms have nannies when they don’t really need one, shouldn’t nannies have nannies when they do?  I never see moms with their children in public any more.  Am I the only one?  Just then, my thoughts were interrupted as the nanny was leaving and glanced over my way, “We have a tough job, us nannies.  Don’t we?”  I guess that answered my question.

Do Nannies Have Nannies? Read More »