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February 17, 2016

Israeli kibbutz can ‘feel the Bern’ of forgotten volunteer Sanders

An Israeli kibbutz is taking considerable pride in a former volunteer, Democratic presidential hopeful Bernie Sanders, even though no one on the communal farm can quite remember him.

In 1990 Sanders, then running for Congress, told Israel's Haaretz newspaper he had volunteered for several months as a young man at Kibbutz Shaar Haamakim, a community with deep socialist roots on the edge of the Biblical Jezreel Valley in northern Israel.

Sanders, 74, has mentioned in the past that he once worked on a kibbutz, but its name remained a mystery until Haaretz republished its interview with him earlier this month.

There are no records at Shaar Haamakim of Sanders' stint in 1963 and none of its veteran members can say for sure they ever met him.

That hasn't stopped journalists from streaming into the community to try to dig for details about Sanders' experience at the kibbutz, where the Brooklyn-born Vermont senator, who is Jewish, is now the talk of the farm.

“The fact that Bernie Sanders' name was linked with Kibbutz Shaar Haamakim is a big honor for the kibbutz,” said its chairman Yair Merom. 

“The values that Bernie Sanders speaks about and his ideology in the presidential race – the modern social democratic values – are incredibly compatible with Kibbutz Shaar Haamakim.”

Kibbutz elder Albert Ely, 79, told Reuters he couldn't put a face to the name but he remembered that “an American called Bernard” had once been a volunteer.

“Everybody mentions it. Now that the election campaign began, there is great happiness in the entire kibbutz,” said Gilad Hershkikovich, who tends to its cows.

“I'm sure he had a good time here.”

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Poem: Jerusalem

In the covered shuk an orange was the only source of light,
the spices snored in canvass bags all night in Jerusalem.

There are always scored stones above, curtains, flags below,
shifting their gravity from shoe to shoe in tight-fitting Jerusalem.

The cracks in the Western Wall are soaked in prayers,
the doves are scraps of light above Jerusalem.

The Mount of Olives crouches over the Wailing Wall:
bleached bone, bleached stone, sun-crumbled white Jerusalem.

Like teeth broken on what they’ve been given to say,
rows and rows of white boxes, asleep against the might of Jerusalem.

Bullet holes are horizontal, rain-bored holes are vertical.
The pools, the ritual baths fill themselves in the sight of Jerusalem.

No other city has drunk so much ink;
who from the sages would know how to write, but for Jerusalem?


Previously published in The Cortland Review.

Marcela Sulak, author of ” Decency” and “Immigrant,” has translated four collections of poetry from Israel, Habsburg Bohemia, and Congo-Zaire, and co-edited Family Resemblance: An Anthology and Exploration of 8 Literary Genres. She directs the Shaindy Rudoff Graduate Program in Creative Writing at Bar-Ilan University.

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Hezbollah leader threatens nuclear-type attack on Israel

Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah threatened to hit large ammonia gas tanks in Haifa that he said would wreak damage and casualties equal to a nuclear attack.

Nasrallah made the threats about a future attack on northern Israel during a speech in Beirut.

“This would be exactly as a nuclear bomb, and we can say that Lebanon today has a nuclear bomb, seeing as any rocket that might hit these tanks is capable of creating a nuclear bomb effect,” he said.

Israel’s environmental protection minister, Avi Gabbai, later told the Israeli media that he had ordered the ammonia storage facility be moved to the Negev Desert in the southern part of Israel.

Nasrallah added that Hezbollah’s military might is preventing attacks by Israel, and Israel would not attack unless it knew it could win and in a short amount of time.

He also accused Israel of planning to topple Syrian President Bashar Assad, saying those plans have failed.

Nasrallah condemned Arab countries that have or are working toward normalizing relations with Israel.

“Do you accept a friend occupying Sunni land in Palestine? Can you become friends with an entity that has committed the most horrible massacres against the Sunni community?” he asked. “You are free to consider Iran an enemy, but how can you consider Israel a friend and ally? This issue must be confronted in a serious manner.”

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Hebrew word of the week: Hahpatsah

The feminist movement has contributed many words to the modern, global vocabulary and has made our society especially sensitive to not treating each other as a thing, an object. The Hebrew Hefetz (from H-f-ts) has the perfect semantically desired senses: “a thing, an object; desire, wish, delight, etc.”*

The new Hebrew concept of “objectifying” has been coined either by haHpatsah or Hiftsun, as seen in a headline: “Feminists decide: It is OK to objectify (le-Haftsen) good-looking guys (Hatikhim) …”

*Compare the following nuances and expressions: be-torat adonay Heftso “[Happy is the one …] whose delight is the teaching of God” (Psalms 1:2); be-Hefets kappeha “with her eager hands” (Proverbs 31:13); Hafetz Hayyim … ohev yamim “eager for life, desires years” (Psalms 34:13); Hefsibah “I take delight in her” (woman’s name, 2 Kings 21:1).


Yona Sabar is a professor of Hebrew and Aramaic in the department of Near Eastern Languages & Cultures at UCLA

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How Jewish architect William Krisel built a desert oasis

Thousands of residential and commercial buildings designed by modernist architect William Krisel can be found throughout Southern California. His postwar housing developments, cooperative apartment complexes and resorts stretch from the San Fernando Valley to Orange County to the Coachella Valley.

Among the buildings Krisel designed over the course of his 60-year career are Hebrew Union College at USC (1969), Camp Hess Kramer (1967), Camp Ramah (1969) and Beth Israel School in San Diego (1960). He also worked with prominent Los Angeles architect Welton Becket  on the 1955 Mount Sinai Hospital on Beverly Boulevard, now Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, which was damaged by the 1994 Northridge earthquake and subsequently demolished.

Krisel built, by his own estimate, 40,000 individual housing units, including 2,500 tract homes in Palm Springs alone. His signature style includes post-and-beam construction, open floor plans in which the living room, dining room and kitchen flow together, large glass windows, vaulted ceilings and butterfly roofs.

During Modernism Week in Palm Springs, continuing through Feb. 21, fans of midcentury architecture are paying tribute to this prolific man, including the dedication of a street named in his honor, “William Krisel Way,” a fitting recognition of his work introducing “desert modernism” to Palm Springs. Krisel, now 91, planned to participate in the events.

The festival also includes a launch event for an illustrated 224-page book, “William Krisel’s Palm Springs: The Language of Modernism,” recently published by Gibbs Smith. The book is the first major monograph chronicling Krisel’s work and architectural philosophy. It includes architectural drawings, renderings and photographs, with essays that draw heavily from his personal papers as well as the extensive archives of the Getty Research Institute. The book is edited by Heidi Creighton, a midcentury modern enthusiast who, in 2012, purchased a 1957 Palm Springs home designed by Krisel, and by Chris Menrad, a real estate agent and founding board member of the Palm Springs Modern Committee, who also lives in a Krisel-designed home.

Krisel was born in Shanghai in 1924 to a wealthy Jewish family. His father, Alexander Krisel, handled regional distribution for major movie studios, and such luminaries as Douglas Fairbanks, Mary Pickford and Charlie Chaplin were all guests of the Krisels in Shanghai. He moved with his parents to Beverly Hills in 1937, designed his own architectural course while attending Beverly Hills High School and went on to USC. His studies were interrupted by World War II, during which he served in China as a military interpreter. After his service, he returned to USC, graduating with honors in 1949.

Before and after the war, Krisel worked part time for modern architects Paul László and Victor Gruen, both Jewish émigrés. Assisting them in the design of homes and retail spaces gave him practical knowledge and inspiration that proved valuable when he founded his own architectural firm.

“I learned how an architect runs his office, his relationship to his employees and how to deal with diverse clients,” Krisel said in an interview with the Journal. “Prior to that I was only a student. By working for Paul and Victor, I was exposed to the real world of being an architect.”

While working for Gruen, Krisel also met Dan Saxon Palmer, with whom he would form a long-lasting partnership in 1949. Palmer was born Dan Weissinger in Hungary in 1920 (one of his sons, Geoffrey Palmer, is a prolific Los Angeles developer). During the mid- to late 1950s, Krisel and Palmer won national awards for their designs. Writing for the Los Angeles Times, architectural historian Esther McCoy described how the firm “has helped give distinction to the tract house.”

Krisel also became known for taking interest in the smallest details of his homes, including interior design, built-in furniture, paint colors, cupboard handle designs, light switch placement and more. A licensed landscape architect, Krisel also paid close attention to a building’s relationship with its environment.

“My philosophy was that the architect was in total control and therefore was responsible for the design and decisions that go into completing a project,” Krisel said. “No detail is too small for sincere consideration.”

Early in their careers, Krisel and Palmer began working with developers George Alexander and his son Robert, owners of the Alexander Construction Company. Their first modern tract together was the Corbin Palms neighborhood in Woodland Hills, built from 1953 toa 1955, originally with 287 homes. Before long, large communities of Krisel-designed homes were built in San Diego, Las Vegas, Florida, Texas and Arizona.

“They took on one of the great problems of modernism, which was to create good, decent contemporary housing that was affordable for the masses,” postwar architectural historian Alan Hess told the Times. “Palmer and Krisel did it, and on a large scale and keeping the inherent qualities of modernism. … Other architects would not deal with the realities of budgets, materials, clients’ demands, the financing that was required in the nitty-gritty of real-world housing development.”

Creighton said Krisel found inspiration in the budget limitations that the Alexanders imposed on the Palm Springs homes.

“He had quite a remarkable relationship with the Alexander family and the construction company, and they really trusted him, and there were a lot of restrictions, particularly with the tract homes,” Creighton said. “And the greater the restrictions — time-wise, material-wise — the more creative he became, the more inventive he became. The more complex the problem was to solve, the more excited he was.”

The Alexanders tapped Krisel’s firm to design Ocotillo Lodge in Palm Springs in 1955. It became a favorite desert hangout for Hollywood stars and was once owned by Gene Autry. It features a curved central structure, panoramic views of the mountains and a keyhole-shaped swimming pool. They also designed the Alexander Estate in 1960, originally dubbed “The House of Tomorrow,” which became Elvis Presley’s honeymoon hideaway. The house consists of three stories in four concentric circles and no square rooms. Krisel and Palmer went on to build more than 2,500 homes in Palm Springs. The homes were rediscovered by midcentury modern fans in the 1990s, during a resurgence of interest in midcentury architecture.

Krisel’s partnership with Palmer dissolved in 1966. Krisel established a solo practice, and then in 1969 formed a new partnership with Israeli architect Abraham Shapiro. They shifted their focus to high-rise commercial and residential design and construction. Their projects include the Ocean Avenue Towers in Santa Monica and Coronado Shores in San Diego.

From 1980 onward, Krisel acted as a consultant for housing and forensic architecture. He’s become active in restoring many of his homes and the landscapes around them.

The role of the architect has changed since Krisel began practicing more than six decades ago, Creighton said.

“He feels like the architect has been relegated to just another small work role. They don’t have a signature to the place. They’re part of the process but they don’t control the show,” she said. “And I think he would not be happy under those conditions today.”

A list of events related to William Krisel at Modernism Week in Palm Springs, which continues through Feb. 21, is available at modernismweek.com

This article was made possible with support from California Humanities, a nonprofit partner of the National Endowment for the Humanities.

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Lives Lived/Lessons Learned

Lives Lived/Lessons Learned


Most things in life start off small, and a grow bigger. Babies, love, seedlings.  Grief is different, it starts off immense, often overwhelming; and with time ever so gradually eases, becoming smaller.
 
It’s been a challenging time for our family. My father-in-law, Dr. Eli Brent, passed away a little over three months ago, and last month his wife Charlotte died.  As our grief diminishes, the clarity of their life lessons become more clear. They taught us many lessons, here are just a few.

1. Few things in life happen by accident. Life is a gift of infinite hope, multiple options and unbridled possibility. You must be inspired to build – not just what can be, but to strive for what ought to be.

2. They warned us that by not asking questions we commit the gravest mistake – deceiving ourselves into believing we have the answers. They demanded that we always listen, ask, and seek more.

3. They loved this observation by Margret Mead, “to never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens could change the world; indeed, it's the only thing that ever has”.

4. To love and cherish the arts and artists:

         · With art there are no losers.  
         · Artists raise awareness, not by making rules but by daring to break them.  
         · Artists are the heart and soul of humanity. Soldiers win wars, bankers win riches, artists win hearts. Only love touches souls and lives in perpetuity

5.  To pursue life with open eyes, ears and hearts – recognizing that there is only one path to the soul – and that is the journey of living your truth…whatever it may be, and wherever you may find it. 

6.  To always dare

        ·  To be leaders, not followers.
        ·  To light, lights- not extinguish flames
        ·  To open windows when doors are shut
        ·  To reframe expectations, especially when options become limited.
        ·  To rise above the crowd and filter the noise of negativity.
        ·  To nurture inclusivity when exclusivity is an easier route
        ·  To replace greed and nastiness with grace and love
        ·  To do your quality best – without anger, bitterness or complaints
        ·  To strive for respectful discussion with an open heart to the views of others – especially those we disagree with.

These are the lessons gleaned from two glorious lives well lived … lessons that, the more I hold on to them, the more they will crowd out the grief I still feel. May the memories of Charlotte and Eli Brent continue to be a blessing. It is what ought to be.

Lives Lived/Lessons Learned Read More »

Around the world in five years

On their first date 18 years ago, Benny Rubinstein told Shifra “Shiffy” Raz about his dream of backpacking around the world, while he was still young enough to climb mountains and carry a heavy backpack. 

The date lasted 14 hours, and the two quickly discovered that they share the same values. Both were minimalists and adventurers who loved the outdoors. It was the second chapter for both of them: Rubinstein, a program manager in the aerospace industry, was a father of two, and Raz, a senior director at the YMCA, was a mother of four.

But Raz, who was 52 at the time and two years younger than Rubinstein, was not ready for travel of that magnitude.

“I need to help my kids, cannot quit my job. We have no money and cannot afford traveling, and we must plan for our retirement,” she argued.

And so they stayed. Seven years into their relationship, though, they lost a few close friends to illness, and their priorities changed.

“I told her I want to take one year off work to go around the world,” Rubinstein recalled. “But Shiffy said, ‘How much can we see in one year? Let’s go for five years.’ ”

The main obstacle was financing the trip. The solution, it turned out, was right at home: The couple rented out their Santa Monica condo and traveled on the rental income. 

It was 2005. Rubinstein was 61, Raz was 59; both are natives of Israel and were healthy and physically active when they hit the road, two backpacks for each of them, filled only with essentials.

“How much do you really need to sustain your existence?” Raz said.

She answered her own question in her travel journal, a collection of thousands of photos and 250 entries that she emailed to friends and family on a weekly basis: “Two pairs of pants, two shirts will do. One small bar of soap used for bathing, shampoo, laundry and dishes. Every plastic bag was saved and reused. You quickly realized that the material staff is only stuff. What you take along your journey, is your personal inventory, in our case our core and stability was our Israeli-Jewish upbringing and values. I packed a tiny Bible and a siddur and followed the weekly Torah Reading.” 

Raz never doubted that their trip would be a success, as the pair hopped the globe, exploring 35 countries in Asia, Europe, Australia, South America and Africa.

Benny Rubinstein climbing up to Torres del Paine in Chile

“Our children and friends were very supportive of our dreams, but I don’t think that anyone believed we were really going to travel the world for five years. On the other hand, I had no doubt that we could do it. I trusted our relationship and would follow Benny through fire and water,” she said.

They came back home each year — sometimes for the birth of a new grandson, sometimes for a bar mitzvah — staying with family or friends. 

While on the road, they never worried about their safety, although in Rio de Janeiro, two young thugs pulled knives on them. (Rubinstein was quick to pull his own knife and the assailants ran away.) In fact, Rubinstein said, their age was an advantage in many cases as people were more respectful and trusting, even inviting them into their homes as guests. 

The couple occasionally traveled in the company of young Israeli backpackers who were fresh out of the army. Raz and Rubinstein joked that it was their own after-army trip. (Rubinstein was a sergeant in the Israeli air force and Raz served as a lieutenant in the army’s military police.) 

They celebrated Shabbat and holidays at Chabad centers around the world, meeting young travelers who shared travel tips and stories. The rest of their intel came from Lonely Planet travel guides. It was Raz’s responsibility to read the book and highlight what she wanted to see; Rubinstein had to figure out how to get there.

They had a general direction but no schedule. They never made a reservation for accommodation but always found a place to stay. Always traveling frugally — they prepared their own meals and traveled on buses — the world became their home.

In Peru, they met a jungle man who took them into the heart of the Amazon, where they slept on hammocks hanging from trees and ate what they fished and gathered. 

In Indonesia, they stayed with naked tribesmen who, thankfully, had given up their taste for human flesh some 60 years ago.

In Honduras, they spent time on a tiny island — about 275 square yards in size — with the most amazing snorkeling sites. And in Sri Lanka, they participated in a pilgrimage to a holy mountain with 8,000 steps.

Along the way, they were caught in avalanches and floods, sometimes using chain ladders to climb up and down a mountain. In easier moments, they met kind people who opened their doors for them and invited them in for a meal. While visiting Bali, for example, they noticed preparations for a wedding. 

“I watched them curiously decorating the house and was promptly invited to the wedding,” said Raz, who along with Rubinstein wore traditional costumes as requested. “We ended up going to two weddings and a funeral and prolonging our stay in town so we could participate.”

Language was never a problem, they said, as they communicated with gestures, drawing pictures and smiles. 

The last year of their adventure was in Africa. Since, they said, that continent does not accommodate backpackers very well, they decided to travel as volunteers, collaborating with the charity organization Pagus: Africa to build a school for children in a small village in Ghana. The place had no running water, electricity or gas. 

The ground was dug with shovels and hoes and 8,000 concrete bricks were molded by hand, using two molds. Rubinstein applied his engineering skills and Raz her teaching experience. During the six months the couple spent in the village, Rubinstein supervised the construction of the new school and Raz helped out in the existing one. 

“When we arrived there, the villagers were skeptical” Rubinstein recalled. “They said, ‘You are going to be like all the rest. You just came to take pictures, and next week, we will not see or hear from you anymore.’ I proved them wrong. They now have a beautiful school: three buildings, eight [classrooms] and administration building with offices, library and toilets, where 250 students attend daily. We keep in touch with the school and get periodic updates.”

Since returning home in 2010, Raz, now 69, said the best part has been having daily contact with the couple’s kids and grandkids, as well as a greater appreciation for the United States.

“The biggest shock upon returning home was the realization of how much our society wastes — all the disposable stuff — and how people sweat over the small stuff,” she said. “When you spend time with people who don’t own anything, your priorities change. We could feed so many villages with what our society puts in our trash.”

They still keep much the same lifestyle as they had while traveling, even though a number of years have passed. No TV, no eating out. Rubinstein, now 71, even built most of the furniture in their home. 

Are they ready for their next adventure? Raz, who volunteers as a yoga and tai chi instructor at senior centers and teaches Hebrew privately each afternoon, is not so sure. 

“I have a routine now, which I really love,” she said. “If we’ll go on a trip again, it will probably be in the States. We’ll buy an RV and go coast to coast. After traveling all around the world, the United States is probably one of the most beautiful countries in the world.” 

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Jewish Leaders Take A Stand Against The Death Penalty

In a petition initiated by Uri L’Tzedek, the Orthodox social justice movement, Jewish leaders across Jewish denominations expressed opposition to the use of the death penalty in America. As Jews, as citizens of a nation dedicated to liberty and justice, we believe that governments must protect the dignity and rights of every human being. The use of the death penalty, in America, fails to live up to this basic requirement.

Opposition to the overuse of capital punishment is embedded deep in the Jewish religious psyche. The rabbis taught that a court that puts others to death too often is deeply problematic. How often? Rabbi Eliezer ben Azariah says, “Every seventy years.” Rabbi Tarfon and Rabbi Akiva said: “If we were in a court, no person would ever be executed,” (Makkot 7a). While not categorically opposed to capital punishment, the rabbis saw the death penalty as so extreme a measure that they all but removed it from their system of justice. In contrast, our American system today lacks the highest safeguards to protect the lives of the innocent and uses capital punishment all too readily.

We do not naïvely believe that everyone on death row is completely innocent of any crime. Yet, too often, the wrong person is convicted for crimes they did not commit.

We all agree that a responsible government must have a strong, punitive justice system that maintains order and security. More harmful to our justice system than not catching the guilty, however, is punishing the innocent. Unfortunately, this happens too often. Owing to their socio-economic situation or lack of access to legal resources, wrongly convicted people often have no real opportunity to respond to an overwhelming legal system that makes the proof of innocence difficult. The consequences of this system are not only fundamentally unjust but also produce racially disparate outcomes. Additionally, it is the tax payers who are required to pay exorbitant amounts to maintain death rows.

It is time to see the death penalty for what it is: not as justice gone awry, but a symptom of injustice as status quo. “You must rescue those taken off to death!”(Proverbs 24:11)!

There are six primary reasons for wrongful convictions:

1.   Eyewitness misidentification: Some of the reasons for why eyewitnesses identify the wrong person are not fixable, such as the fact that people are much worse at cross-racial identification, but there are many things that police can do when conducting line-ups that would decrease false identifications.

2.   False confessions: A recent example of this is the case of the Central Park Five, in which four of the five then-teenagers confessed to raping and killing a woman in Central Park years ago, and recently were proved innocent through DNA testing.

3.   Ineffective lawyering: Defense lawyers mess up, either because they just are not good lawyers or because they are so overburdened that it is impossible to do a thorough job on each case.

4.   Police and prosecutorial misconduct: Examples of this include crime labs claiming that they had test results when no tests were actually performed, and prosecutors not providing exculpatory evidence. Unfortunately, punishment is rare.

5.   Junk science: This applies both to methods that are not really science when empirically tested, and to legitimate science performed poorly.

6.   Unreliable testimony: Witnesses, usually in jail, come forward claiming to have heard the suspect confess in order to get favorable treatment on their own cases.

How many prisoners are truly innocent? Experts have offered varying percentages in the last decades: Samuel R. Gross and Barbara O’Brien estimated “at least 2.3 percent”; Jon B. Gould and Richard A. Leo put it at 3 to 5 percent; James S. Liebman and his team placed their estimate at 7 percent; and the newest estimate, by John Roman and his team, places its estimate at 5 percent, except for sexual assault, for which the wrongful conviction rate may be as high as 15 percent.

Jewish law strongly upholds the principle that the innocent should be spared undue punishment. When God reveals to Abraham his plan to destroy Sodom and Gomorrah (Genesis 18:17-33), Abraham challenges God: “Will you also destroy the righteous with the wicked?” When God offers to spare the cities if there are fifty righteous people, Abraham solicits a response for the value of innocent life; eventually, God decides that if there are even ten righteous people, God will spare the cities. Abraham doesn’t press further but one might presume that a city can’t be destroyed if even one were innocent. Thus, from the time of Abraham, it was important that punishment should be reserved for the guilty, and against all odds to the contrary, the innocent should be spared.

Today, there are those who are dedicated to ensuring that the innocent do not languish in jail. The National Registry of Exonerations, a joint project of the University of Michigan Law School and the Center on Wrongful Convictions at Northwestern University School of Law, has now recorded 1,040 exonerations in less than a year of investigating data since 1989. The Registry highlights the need to scrutinize convictions—especially in the states with the most exonerations, such as Illinois and Texas—to ensure that they were honestly obtained and that the defendants had sufficient and competent defense.

Additionally, the Innocence Project, founded by Barry C. Scheck and Peter J. Neufeld of Yeshiva University’s Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law in 1992, is a group that utilizes DNA testing and other state of the art technology to establish the innocence of falsely-imprisoned inmates. The staff of lawyers and Cardozo clinic students, and allies in many states, has thus far exonerated 301 prisoners, who had served an average of nearly 14 years (and 18 of whom had been on death row), using DNA evidence. There are more than fifty Innocence Projects in the United States, under the umbrella of the Innocence Network. They need our support.

One case illustrates the great value of the Innocence Project for American society. In 1974, James Bain was convicted of raping a 9-year old boy in Florida. The primary evidence at the time revolved around the blood type of the semen on the victim’s underwear. The jury believed the prosecution’s claim that Bain’s blood type (AB) was the same as that found on the scene, when in actuality the blood sample was blood group B. Once DNA evidence became available, Bain tried five times to get the Circuit Court to examine his case, but was rejected. Finally, after the Innocence Project became involved, DNA evidence was reexamined, confirming that Bain was not the rapist. James Bain was exonerated and released in December 2009, after serving thirty-five years for a crime he did not commit.

While we need a justice system, but we also need a system of justice. We punish those who transgress the law, but ensure that the rights of the innocent are protected, that if a prisoner is found to be innocent, then that prisoner should be set free and given fair compensation. Former district attorney, Governor of California, and Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren was well aware of the often coercive methods by which law enforcement obtained confessions and convictions, and how scrutiny needed to be applied to ensure that only the guilty were convicted and incarcerated. As he said: “Life and liberty can be as much endangered from illegal methods used to convict those thought to be criminals as from the actual criminals themselves.”

This is nothing short of the championing of justice over inequity, and as a community, we must support their work. Jewish community leaders should call for an end to this cruel practice, but also for the beginning of a new paradigm of fair, equitable, and restorative justice.

 

Rabbi Dr. Shmuly Yanklowitz is the President & Dean of the Valley Beit Midrash, the Founder & President of Uri L’Tzedek, the Founder and CEO of The Shamayim V’Aretz Institute and the author of nine books on Jewish ethicsNewsweek named Rav Shmuly one of the top 50 rabbis in America.

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Boomers can lend credit score to boomerang kids

Money is the main reason 26 percent of American millennials boomerang back home to live with their baby boomer parents, and why so many other millennials rely on parental assistance long after college graduation.

About 63 percent of all millennials don’t have a major credit card and more than 86 percent of those seeking loans are declined or charged sky-high interest rates. That leaves millennials hard-pressed to build a credit history and declare financial independence from Mom and Dad.

The founders of the Israeli company Backed say they have a solution that benefits both generations.

By reinventing the co-signing process and using machine-learning algorithms cooked up in the company’s Tel Aviv R&D center, Backed’s online platform allows parents (“Backers”) to lend their credit history to their children in order to help them secure a loan at attractive rates.

Already up and running in New York, New Jersey, Florida, West Virginia and Arkansas — the five states that do not require a lender’s license — Backed recently raised $1.5 million in seed funding toward a national rollout by the end of 2016. Vice President and co-founder Gilad Woltsovitch explained how Backed will achieve that goal by partnering with federally insured banks in the other 45 states to administer the loans originated on the Backed website.

Woltsovitch said that taking co-signing risks out of the equation is among the unique aspects of Backed.

“Other lenders approve or decline, period. We’re the only ones that have a progressive loan application. You qualify if you have a Backer who qualifies, and you can optimize your [interest] rate by adding another Backer or connecting with other accounts. What’s also unusual is that we digitized the whole co-signing experience,” he said.

Backed’s novel risk model is another factor that differentiates it from competitors (such as Upstart) in the loans-for-millennials space.

“Ordinarily, co-signers are exposed to the risk of having to pay the whole amount if the loan defaults,” Woltsovitch said. “Traditionally, they are notified after the default when there are already accumulated fees and penalties, and by that time the child’s and parents’ credit scores are damaged.

“We offer Backers the opportunity to control the status of the loan. The moment there is a failed payment, both borrower and Backer are notified and have 15 days to pay the missing amount without any penalty. If there’s an ongoing problem, Backers can jump in and cover the missing amount before the credit bureau finds out about it.”

Like many Israeli startups, Backed has a personal backstory. In this case, it was Woltsovitch’s experience in the American credit market as a non-U.S. citizen.

Arriving in the United States in 2008 after earning his master’s degree in art sciences in Holland, Woltsovitch soon had a steady income and savings. Yet without any credit history, he was forced to pay a lot of money up front for an apartment and was subject to higher fees and rates on loans.

“That is how I encountered the problem with the credit system and how it’s challenging to kick-start your credit record,” he said.

That year, a worldwide financial crisis resulted in regulatory measures that severely limited access to unsecured loans and credit cards even for young adults with U.S. citizenship. In 2013, Woltsovitch and Israeli venture capitalist Kfir Moyal started the research that led to co-founding Backed in mid-2014. 

“We saw a huge boom in online lending, but about 90 percent of applicants are rejected for credit,” Woltsovitch said. “Then we learned about peer-to-peer lending. We really like emerging industries and we wanted to see where there was space for optimization and improving conversion rates.

“That is where we came up with [the] idea of [a] parent lending kids their credit score rather than cash. We believe this solution helps both sides because it allows kids to build a credit history and relieves the financial burden on parents.”

With its headquarters in New York and its R&D in the WeWork co-working space in Tel Aviv, Backed plans to allocate about half its new cash infusion to further developing its product and employee base, and half to customer acquisition and revenue growth.

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