fbpx

June 18, 2015

A Hungarian Lens on Photography


A portrait of Picasso. Photos by Ervin Marton Courtesy Stephen Cohen Gallery

“It is not enough to have talent,” photographer Robert Capa once said, turning an old saying on its head. “You also have to be Hungarian.” By which he meant Hungarian-Jewish. This point is reinforced in an exhibition of post-World War II Paris photographs by Ervin Marton at the Stephen Cohen Gallery on Beverly Boulevard.

The contributions of Hungarian Jews to photography is mind-boggling: Legendary war photographer Robert Capa (born Endre Friedmann) co-founded Magnum; younger brother Cornell Capa, in addition to shooting for Life magazine, became a photo curator and founded New York’s International Center for Photography (ICP). Martin Munkacsi (born Martin Mermelstein) pioneered fashion photography (including taking the first fashion photograph for Harper’s Bazaar in 1933), and the elegant abstract compositions of Laszlo Moholy-Nagy (born Weiss) established photography as an art form. The list also includes icons Andre Kertesz (born Andor Kohn) and Brassai (Gyula Halasz).

Marton, who is less known, was well regarded in his time by Brassai and Kertesz, older artists whom he befriended. The show provides a sampling of Marton’s versatility. “We wanted to show the different traditions that surface in Ervin Marton’s work,” Gallery associate Ian McPherson explained. Marton “was a very skilled portraitist, a skilled street photographer, and he was drawn to experimental techniques.” The images include portraits of Pablo Picasso, as well as French writers Jean Cocteau, Jean Genet and Jacques Prévert. Marton’s portrait of Picasso in profile has been used by the Picasso Museum in Paris as well as for other Picasso exhibitions, Cohen said.


Ervin Marton’s “Pont des Arts,” circa 1945, is part of a show of Marton’s post-World War II Paris photos, at the Stephen Cohen Gallery.

Marton was born in Budapest in 1912. His cousin, painter Lajos Tihanyi, was among a group of Hungarian-Jewish artists who moved to Paris in 1924 that included Brassai and Kertesz (Kertesz went on to New York but often returned to visit Paris). In 1937, as Hungarian fascists began to promulgate anti-Semitic laws, Marton also moved to Paris, where he would live for the rest of his life.

Through his cousin, he became friendly with a group of older artists in Paris, whose circle included Picasso. When the Nazis overran France, Marton joined the French resistance and worked with other Hungarians and foreigners, making false identity cards for people wanted by the Nazis, as well as producing and distributing numerous underground fliers. For these efforts, Marton was later awarded France’s Medaille de la Liberation.

After the war, Marton received commissions from the French government, including from Culture Minister Andre Malraux, to take portraits of France’s greatest artists, including Renoir, Chagall, Brassai and even Pierre Cardin (several of these images are at the Cohen Gallery exhibition).

The exhibition also includes several of Marton’s photographs of Paris street life, including strolling lovers, playing children and a fire-breathing performer. “I always think of Brassai and Marton as two sides of a coin: darkness and light. Brassai worked mostly at night; Marton’s pictures are sweeter,” Cohen said. Marton died in 1968; the Stephen Cohen Gallery has represented the estate since the 1990s.

As to why Jews from such a small country have had such a large impact on photography, there are several theories: It turns out that in the 1920s and 1930s in Budapest, a camera was a popular bar mitzvah gift. Plus, if you have to move to another country, photography requires no translation. Perhaps being a small but irrepressible minority in an isolated country gave these artists the best possible perspective to use behind the lens. Whatever the reason, the nimbleness of mind and explosion of talent of Hungarian Jews of that generation was best expressed by physicist Enrico Fermi in his much-quoted answer about the existence of extraterrestrials: “Of course, they are already here among us; they just call themselves Hungarians.”

“Ervin Marton: Paris, the Post-War Years” is on view through July 3 at the Stephen Cohen Gallery, 7354 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles. For more information visit http://www.stephencohengallery.com

A Hungarian Lens on Photography Read More »

The New Mentors

For nearly twenty years I have tried to bring people together for creative and purposeful prayer services. Whether Friday Night Live, One Shabbat Morning, or Shabbat Live, the key building block for our services was an appreciation of diversity. No matter how many people were in attendance, we always recognized the need to fill our sanctuary with contrasting voices.

We invited musicians, singers, dancers and spoken word artists to share their songs and art. No two services were alike – people often joked that “we never did the same thing once.” As artists, it was in our DNA to create freely what our souls and spirits reflected.

For the past 2,000 years the leadership of our religious communities has been in the hands of Rabbis. They were the rov, rebbe, rav, rabi, or moreinu rabienu – loosely translated as anything from a teacher, mentor, master or guide.

I watched him tie his shoes!

There is a story from the Lubavitch community about a man who hides under his Rabbis table. Why? Because he knew that at the seat of a true master he could learn everything about life, even how to tie his shoes! Unfortunately, most modern Jews don’t view their Rabbis as mentors, let alone have an intimate relationship with them. I think it's time that we mixed things up.

  • What if we exercised some spiritual muscle confusion?
  • What if our community found inspiration not only from masters of the law, but also from the masters of love and life?
  • What if our leadership was the people?
  • What if we sought out spiritual leaders who create a Jewish community built on personal relationships that matter and have purpose?

To some, what I'm writing might sound like a blasphemous departure from tradition. However, the basis of the rabbinic tradition was to “crowd source” the voices and opinions of the people. In the first century, our great leaders were divided between two groups: the touchy-feely school of Rabbi Hillel, and the school of the much more rigid Rabbi Shammai.

In the same way that farmers practice crop rotation to maintain a healthy soil, these creators of Rabbinic Judaism understood that there was strength in diversity. They recognized that in order to empower individuals to “Aseh lecha rav, u'kneh lecha chaser” – find yourself a mentor and acquire for yourself a friend – they would need multiple voices and an abundance of ideas. There never was and never will be a “one size fits all” leader or community. Yet each of us, every human being, could use a community and a Rabbi in our lives: true role models, people to talk with, and learn from.

In order for a Jewish community to work, it needs to include people with purpose and people on the fringes. Questioning Jews and queer Jews. Jews in interfaith relationships and Jews who are alone and seeking relationships.

As Rabbi Harold Schulweis taught, we are “choosing people.” We are the creators of our own future. Whether by design or accident, we sow seeds today that become our legacy tomorrow. What will be your legacy? What will be your choice?

I'd love to hear!

The New Mentors Read More »

Spiritual Muscle Confusion

For nearly twenty years I have tried to bring people together for creative and purposeful prayer services. Whether Friday Night Live, One Shabbat Morning, or Shabbat Live, the key building block for our services was an appreciation of diversity. No matter how many people were in attendance, we always recognized the ned to fill our sanctuary with contrasting voices.

We invited musicians, singers, dancers and spoken word artists to share their songs and art. No two services were alike! People often joked that “we never did the same thing once.” As artists, it was in our DNA to create freely what our souls and spirits reflected. 

For the past 2,000 years the leadership of our religious communities has been in the hands of Rabbis. They were the rov, rebbe, rav, rabi, or moreinu rabienu: loosely translated as anything from a teacher, mentor, master or guide.

I watched him tie his shoes!

There is a story from the Lubavitch community about a man who hides under his Rabbis table. Why? Because he knew that at the seat of a true master he could learn everything about life—even how to tie his shoes! Unfortunately, most modern Jews don’t view their Rabbis as mentors, let alone have an intimate relationship with them. I think it's time that we mixed things up.

  • What if we exercised some spiritual muscle confusion?
  • What if our community found inspiration not only from masters of the law, but also masters of love and life?
  • What if our leadership was the people?
  • What if we sought out spiritual leaders who created a Jewish community built on personal relationships that mattered and had purpose?


To some, what I'm writing might sound like a blasphemous departure from tradition. In fact, the basis of the rabbinic tradition was to “crowd source” the voices and opinions of the people. In the first century our great leaders were divided between two groups: the touchy-feely school of Rabbi Hillel, and the school of the much more rigid Rabbi Shammai.  

In the same way that farmers practice crop rotation to maintain a healthy soil, these creators of Rabbinic Judaism understood that there was strength in diversity. They recognized that in order to empower individuals to “Aseh lecha rav, u'kneh lecha chaser“—find yourself a mentor and acquire for yourself a friend—they would need multiple voices and an abundance of ideas.  

There never was and never will be a “one size fits all” leader or community. Yet, each of us, every human being, could use a community and a Rabbi in our lives—true role models, people to talk with, and learn from.

In order for a Jewish community to work, it needs people with purpose, and to be inclusive to people on the fringes—questioning Jews, queer Jews, Jews in interfaith relationships, Jews who are alone and seeking relationships.

As Rabbi Harold Schulweis taught: we are “choosing people.” We are the creators of our own future. Whether by design or accident, we sow seeds today that become our legacy tomorrow.  What will be your legacy? What will be your choice? 

I'd love to hear!

Spiritual Muscle Confusion Read More »

A Father’s Day gift of justice

If you ever visit the Vienna campus of Wirtschafts University Wien (WU), one of Europe’s most prestigious universities, you will see a translucent metal sculpture in the shape of a globe, which prominently features the names of 150 Jews. I got to hear the story of that dramatic monument the other day in a little apartment in Pico-Robertson, where Ilse Nusbaum, a feisty 81-year-old grandmother, has been fighting for years for some justice for her father, Karl Lowy.

In 1938, Lowy was a doctoral candidate in economics at WU; he submitted his dissertation in January and expected to receive his degree in June. Instead, he was among the 150 Jewish students expelled from the school immediately after Austria’s annexation into Nazi Germany that March.

The Lowy family was one of the lucky ones, as they were able to get visas to come to the United States. Lowy started over in Detroit, penniless and taking odd jobs, such as unloading crates in a warehouse. To support his family, he went back to school and learned accounting, but the memory of his lost dissertation never left him. He had planned to return to Vienna in the autumn of 1970 to learn its fate, but he suffered a heart attack and never made it.

Meanwhile, Karl’s daughter, Ilse, was going through her own tragic shifts. After studying creative writing in college in the hope of becoming a published author, her husband passed away suddenly. Left alone to raise three young daughters, she had to find work, which she did at a center for people with disabilities.

Her interest in her father’s lost dissertation was muted at first. What intrigued her most was the general trauma of her family’s past. In 1953, while studying at Radcliffe, Ilse traveled to Austria to uncover her roots and, while there, learned about the suffering of many members of her extended family. Amid all this darkness, a lost dissertation seemed insignificant.

This changed after her mother passed away in 2008 and Ilse began to go through old documents. She found something her mother wrote about her deceased father’s lifetime regret: 

“From his viewpoint, even worse than losing his job was losing his doctor of philosophy degree in economics, which he was scheduled to receive in June. He expected that having the doctorate would make our family’s future more secure no matter where we landed.” 

Motivated by her father’s pain, she grew determined to find out what happened to his diploma. 

Sifting through boxes of documents, she found a copy of his application to defend the dissertation, but she still needed its actual title. By then, she had become a self-described “Internet junkie,” so, after months of online sleuthing, she found the title indexed in a bibliography on the history and culture of wine. 

This led her to a friendly librarian in Vienna, who agreed to send her a photocopy of the dissertation. Without missing a beat, she emailed the librarian: “Thank you — don’t you think it would be nice if the school gave him a posthumous doctorate?”

Getting an answer to that question began another chapter in her long saga, with countless emails, phone calls and even a visit to Vienna. She couldn’t convince the school’s administrators that her father’s diploma had been unfairly taken from him. But their tone changed when they did their own investigation and found this statement written on the original copy of Karl Lowy’s dissertation: 

“Denied. Jews cannot be admitted to a doctoral defense.”

This discovery vindicated her long fight and won her sympathy from the school, but, unfortunately, the school’s policy was that it couldn’t award a doctorate if the dissertation wasn’t defended. What to do?

Enter University Rector Christoph Badelt, an Austrian professor with a big heart, who was moved by Nusbaum’s story. So moved, in fact, that he decided to turn the dark, hidden episode from the school’s past into a public demonstration of honest self-reflection and reconciliation.

At the school’s expense, he launched a commemorative project to honor all the Jews expelled from the school in 1938. The initiative included a comprehensive research project on the expulsions, with the results published in a booklet and on a Web site, in addition to a public contest to design the memorial sculpture. To honor her father, Nusbaum was there for the launch event in May 2014. 

As fate would have it, she also saw her father’s name honored last week at a graduation ceremony at UCLA. The name Karl Lowy was on a dedication page for another doctoral dissertation on economics, this one written by none other than Ilse Nusbaum’s grandson.


David Suissa is president of TRIBE Media Corp./Jewish Journal and can be reached at davids@jewishjournal.com.

A Father’s Day gift of justice Read More »

What To Do About the Charleston Massacre?

Since the 1960s white racist violence has evolved from an organized movement challenging the Constitution and federal government to the outburst of assorted evil nuts like Dylann Storm Roof, the Charleston murderer of 9 people at an African American Church.

Right-wing domestic terrorism currently has some similarities with homegrown Islamist terrorist. Both receive inspiration from cyber hatred, though the American Islamists sometimes also have direct links to foreign terror centers. The major difference is that the white racists—at least for now—are a declining, backward-looking force while the Islamists consider themselves the wave of the future.

How to respond ro the domestic racist threat? Real solutions would require addressing the increasing racial polarization in our society as well as the decline in respect for authority and religion. Instead, media talking heads are debating symbolic bandaids.

Outlaw the Confederate flag on the South Carolina capital and Roof’s car? In an ideal society, it would be possible to indulge “Southern heritage” enthusiasts their love of Confederatiana, but conditions today are far from ideal.

Rank-and-file Confederate soldiers (including many Southern Jews) fought for the South for varied reasons, but the Confederacy would never have been established except for one: to keep slavery and white supremacy as the South’s “cornerstone,” as Confederate Vice President Alexander Stephens put it in his inauguration speech in 1861.

I think now would be a good time to lower the Confederate flag over the South Carolina capital, not because it will solve underlying problems, but as an “in your face” statement to virulent, violent racists that their tactics and strategy are counterproductive.

What To Do About the Charleston Massacre? Read More »

Pope calls for ‘action now’ to save planet, stem warming, help poor

Pope Francis demanded swift action on Thursday to save the planet from environmental ruin, urging world leaders to hear “the cry of the earth and the cry of the poor” and plunging the Catholic Church into political controversy over climate change.

In the first papal document dedicated to the environment, he called for “decisive action, here and now,” to stop environmental degradation and global warming, squarely backing scientists who say it is mostly man-made.

In the encyclical “Laudato Si (Praise Be), On the Care of Our Common Home,” Francis advocated a change of lifestyle in rich countries steeped in a “throwaway” consumer culture and an end to an “obstructionist attitudes” that sometimes put profit before the common good.

He also took on big business, appearing to back “what consumer movements accomplish by boycotting certain products” in order to force companies to respect the environment.

The most controversial papal pronouncement in half a century

won broad praise from scientists, the United Nations and climate change activists, as well as the wrath of conservatives, including several U.S. Republican presidential candidates and leading lawmakers who have scolded Francis for delving into science and politics.

Republican Senator Jim Inhofe, chairman of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, said in a statement he is concerned the encyclical “will be used by global warming alarmists to advocate for policies that will equate to the largest, most regressive tax increase in our nation's history.”

At a news conference to present the encyclical, Cardinal Peter Turkson, a key collaborator on the landmark document, rejected pre-publication criticisms by some U.S. politicians that the pope should steer clear of political issues.

“Just because the pope is not a scientist does not mean he can't consult scientists,” he said, adding with a sly smile that journalists write about many things after consulting experts.

Latin America's first pope, who took his name from St. Francis of Assisi, the patron of ecology, said protecting the planet was a moral and ethical “imperative” for believers and non-believers alike that should supersede political and economic interests.

The clarion call to his flock of 1.2 billion members, the most controversial papal document since Pope Paul VI's 1968 encyclical Humanae Vitae upholding the Church's ban on contraception, could spur the world's Catholics to lobby policymakers on ecology issues and climate change.

POLITICAL MYOPIA

The Argentine-born pontiff, 78, decried a “myopia of power politics” he said had delayed far-sighted environmental action. “Many of those who possess more resources and economic or political power seem mostly to be concerned with masking the problems or concealing their symptoms,” he wrote.

Because Francis has said he wants to influence this year's key U.N. climate summit in Paris, the encyclical further consolidated his role as a global diplomatic player following his mediation bringing Cuba and the United States to the negotiating table last year.

Francis dismissed the argument that “technology will solve all environmental problems (and that) global hunger and poverty will be resolved simply by market growth”.

Time was running out to save a planet “beginning to look more and more like an immense pile of filth” and which could see “an unprecedented destruction of ecosystems” this century.

“Once more, we need to reject a magical conception of the market, which would suggest that problems can be solved simply by an increase in the profits of companies or individuals.”

Francis also dismissed the effectiveness of carbon credits, saying they seemed to be a “quick and easy solution” but could lead “to a new form of speculation” that maintained excessive consumption and did not allow the “radical change” needed.

“Doomsday predictions can no longer be met with irony or disdain. We may well be leaving to coming generations debris, desolation and filth,” he wrote in the nearly 200-page work.

“The pace of consumption, waste and environmental change has so stretched the planet’s capacity that our contemporary lifestyle, unsustainable as it is, can only precipitate catastrophes, such as those which even now periodically occur in different areas of the world,” he said.

The release and a high-profile roll-out including Professor Hans Joachim Schellnhuber of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research were timed to precede the pope's speeches on sustainable development in September to the United Nations and the U.S. Congress.

Schellnhuber said “the science is clear: global warming is driven by greenhouse gas emissions.”

SCIENTIFIC CONSENSUS

Francis, saying he was “drawing on the results of the best scientific research available,” called climate change “one of the principal challenges facing humanity in our day” and said poor nations will suffer the most.

In several passages in the six-chapter encyclical, Francis confronted head on both climate change doubters and those who say it is not man-made. He said there was a “very solid scientific consensus” that the planet was warming and that people had to “combat this warming or at least the human causes which produce or aggravate it” because greenhouse gases were “released mainly as a result of human activity.”

Francis called for policies to “drastically” reduce polluting gases, saying technology based on fossil fuels “needs to be progressively replaced without delay” and sources of renewable energy developed.

In passages certain to upset conservatives, he called for a “legal framework” to defend the environment.

A major theme was the disparity of wealth.

“We fail to see that some are mired in desperate and degrading poverty, with no way out, while others have not the faintest idea of what to do with their possessions, vainly showing off their supposed superiority and leaving behind them so much waste which, if it were the case everywhere, would destroy the planet,” Francis said.

Pope calls for ‘action now’ to save planet, stem warming, help poor Read More »

Recipes: Rediscovered and reimagined

My family had one Jewish cookbook growing up. Apparently, Jennie Grossinger was all we needed to get us through preparing holiday meals. I also remember thumbing through my grandmother’s endearingly stained and splattered copy of the “The Settlement Cookbook,” which I looked at for quaint, socially outmoded amusement rather than indispensable kitchen instruction. 

That’s a total of only two Jewish cookbooks I saw for the first several decades of my life. 

Times have changed. I may no longer have Jewish grandmas to show me the ropes, but boy, do I have books. The jumble of Jewish-themed cookbooks in my own kitchen includes ones by Claudia Roden, Gil Marks and Yotam Ottolenghi, to name a few, and yet my collection barely scratches the surface of relevant tomes that have hit the market since I’ve had my own kitchen and a family to feed. 

Now that an artisanal deli has become a must-have attraction in any city worth its kashering salt, the publishing industry is finally catching up with trends in Jewish food. “The Mile End Cookbook” became a hit when the celebrated Brooklyn deli released its recipes in late 2012. So far, 2015 has seen intriguing new additions, with titles that pull deeply from the historical well while hewing to current sensibilities. 

These authors would rather you ditch the Lipton onion soup mix and embrace from-scratch authenticity and seasonality. So, a glance at a typical “K” index means kabocha squash, kale, karpas, kasha, kebabs and kreplach.

Food writer Leah Koenig’s fresh take and wide-ranging palate in “Modern Jewish Cooking: Recipes & Customs for Today’s Kitchen” (Chronicle Books, $35) is a personal and progressive contribution to the genre. “I wrote ‘Modern Jewish Cooking’ for the next generation of Jewish cooks,” Koenig states in the introduction. “My hope is that it makes the dishes from the past feel accessible and relevant, while leaving room for experimentation and personal expression.” 

[RECIPE: ROAST CHICKEN WITH FENNEL AND ORANGE]

The Brooklyn-based author, who regularly contributes to outlets such as the Forward and Tablet, and wrote “The Hadassah Everyday Cookbook” in 2011, embraces a heterogeneous worldview and makes broad connections throughout the book’s 11 chapters. Her miso-roasted asparagus recipe isn’t like the proverbial needle scratching the record, but rather part of a logical gastronomical gestalt. 

“Modern Jewish Cooking” is accessible and aspirational enough to be the perfect gift for Jewish millennials who want to start getting their hands dirty by making foods with memories attached, along with dishes fit for a meal at their favorite Brooklyn or Silver Lake farm-to-table restaurants. It helps that Koenig includes tips for “stocking your kitchen like a grown-up.” 

[RECIPE: CHOCOLATE CUPCAKES WITH APRICOT JAM FROSTING]

But the book might also reinspire home cooks stuck in old habits. The recipes are technically kosher, and the final chapter focuses on Jewish holidays, but Koenig doesn’t consider it a “kosher” cookbook. 

Kashrut laws notwithstanding, all these titles jettison any stubborn food purism. Koenig includes a recipe for jalapeno-shallot matzah balls, a twist that overlaps with the unconventional ingredients in “The Community Table: Recipes & Stories From the Jewish Community Center in Manhattan & Beyond” (Grand Central Publishing Life & Style, $35). Culled from members of the JCC, “The Community Table” makes the leap from the individual to a broader social and cultural network. Photos of adorable kids cooking probably won’t interest a 20-something amateur cook, but they might entice people in later stages of life. 

[RECIPE: KALE, FARRO AND CARROT SALAD]

“We are three New York women, all mothers, wives and committed cooks: one art historian, one professional chef, one organic vegetable gardener; one traditional, one Conservative, one Reform Jew,” authors Katja Goldman, Judy Bernstein Bunzl and Lisa Rotmil write. 

The recipes and beautiful photography radiate warmth and a smart melding of the old and the new. The 21st Century Whitefish Salad recipe, for instance, features Greek yogurt, salmon caviar and a serving suggestion of Belgian endive leaves in lieu of a bagel. A chart in the appendix categorizes every recipe into dairy, meat or pareve, followed by Shabbat and holiday menu suggestions, and the book’s kosher-for-Passover content. 

[RECIPE: LIGHT & CREAMY CHEESECAKE WITH NUT BRITTLE & BLUEBERRIES]

Shifting from the Northeast to the West Coast, Berkeley-based winemaker Jeff Morgan and his wife, Jodie, together have authored the lovely “The Covenant Kitchen,” which leaves this reader coveting a seat at their welcoming, abundant dinner table. 

[RECIPE: SUMMERTIME TOMATO SALAD WITH TAHINI]

“The book illustrates our life here in Northern California, where — after growing up in assimilated, secular families — we have rediscovered our Jewish heritage while making kosher wines” sold under the Covenant Wines label Jeff started with the help of Southern California-based Herzog Wine Cellars in 2003. “The Covenant Kitchen” also tells the moving story of how the Morgans came to make what are some of the most respected kosher wines in the world while deepening their connections to Jewish life and practice, as well as with Israel. 

Although former Wine Spectator magazine editor and vintner Jeff Morgan pegs his interest in food and wine to the time he lived in the south of France during his former professional life as a musician — traditional French techniques and flavors appear in many of the recipes — living in California has expanded the couple’s culinary leanings. Hence, recipes for ginger sesame noodles and lamb chops with cilantro chimichurri sauce and warm quinoa salad.

The book is oriented toward kosher households, with the caveat that “you don’t have to keep kosher to make and enjoy the dishes featured here.” Wine lovers will appreciate the special focus the Morgans give to the fruit of the vine. The chapter about wine discusses the winemaking process at Covenant, provides historical facts about Jews and wine, and outlines a basic primer that addresses a range of frequently asked questions. Suggested pairings accompany each recipe, too.

Despite including ingredients that are largely available in most grocery stores, quality and freshness matter to the couple, who spent years producing much of their own food on their Napa Valley ranch before moving to Berkeley. “The Jews of antiquity dined well for thousands of years without margarine and other processed foods. We tend to follow their lead,” they write. 

Along these lines, “The Vilna Vegetarian Cookbook: Garden-Fresh Recipes Rediscovered and Adapted for Today’s Kitchen” by Fania Lewando (Schocken Books, $30) reminds us how all that was old is new again. Joan Nathan’s foreword outlines how the book came to be after she met Barbara Mazur and Wendy Waxman, a team who found the manuscript at YIVO Institute for Jewish Research in New York and were eager to get it published. 

“The Vilna Vegetarian Cookbook” reprints Eve Jochnowitz’s translations of Lewando’s terse and prolific recipes, which were originally published in 1938 and comprised Europe’s first female-authored, Yiddish language vegetarian cookbook. Jewish cuisine has always included many vegetarian recipes because of kashrut laws, but Nathan provides additional spiritual and political context about Lewando, who owned a kosher dairy restaurant in old Vilnius that doubled as a salon of sorts for creative types and visitors, such as Marc Chagall, as well as a cooking school. 

[THREE RECIPES FROM 'THE VILNA VEGETARIAN COOKBOOK]

“Lewando created a Jewish culinary palette that celebrated nature’s bounty,” Nathan writes. “In meatless meals, long viewed as indicators of hardship and sorrow, Lewando found bright flavor and the key to health and well-being.” Beautiful illustrations from vintage seed packets add another historically compelling touch (after all, Lewando worked in the era long before “food stylist” was a legitimate job title).

The book is also a primary source for the Jewish vegetarian movement that grew under the looming menace of the Holocaust. (Lewando and her husband died while escaping the Vilna ghetto about three years after it was published.) The tome is complete with platitudes about diet and health, excerpts from the guest book at Lewando’s restaurant, and a prescient chapter with “vitamin drinks” and juice recipes. 

Lewando did not embrace an abstemious philosophy, given that she wrote recipes for wine, mead and liqueurs. Why make breadcrumbs from stale rolls when you can make kvass? So, when you’re out buying summer produce, look no further than Lewando’s legacy to find arguably the most appropriate use of your haul. And, ideally, it will be fresh enough to please her discerning tastes and standards.

Recipes: Rediscovered and reimagined Read More »

Hebrew word of the week: eqsit

Trendy American words are quickly incorporated into Israeli Hebrew and cherished by the media gossips. They are taken from the English, as seleb (בלס) “celeb,” or selebrita’it for “female celebrity;” a formal Hebrew synonym is yedua’nit (less common).

Eqsit takes informal English ex, meaning “ex (wife),” and adds the Hebrew feminine suffix -it. Other examples are studentit for “female student,” seqsit for “sexy female,” qulit for “cool female.” 

*Spelling foreign words in Hebrew requires that all K sounds — whether from X, K, Q, C — are spelled with the Hebrew quf (ק = q), for example, meqsiqo is “Mexico,” sheqispir is “Shakespeare,” qolombus  “Columbus,” qvarts “quartz,” qumunist “communist.” An exception is aleksander “Alexander,”  which uses a kaf.


Yona Sabar is a professor of Hebrew and Aramaic in the department of Near Eastern Languages & Cultures at UCLA.

Hebrew word of the week: eqsit Read More »

New Jersey man charged with conspiracy to provide support to Islamic State

U.S. authorities on Thursday charged a New Jersey man with conspiring to support the militant group Islamic State, the fourth person arrested in recent days in the New York City region as part of a broader investigation.

Samuel Rahamin Topez, 21, of Fort Lee, New Jersey, was arrested at his home on Wednesday, the Justice Department said.

According to a criminal complaint, he had communicated frequently with Munther Omar Saleh, a college student from Queens who was arrested on Saturday along with an unnamed co-conspirator when they ran at a surveillance vehicle.

Saleh was accused of plotting to set off an explosive device in the city on behalf of Islamic State.

A third man, Fareed Mumuni, 21, was arrested on Wednesday when he tried to stab an FBI agent executing a search warrant at his home in the New York City borough of Staten Island.

Topez planned to travel abroad to fight alongside Islamic State, prosecutors said.

On Monday, two days after Saleh's arrest, Topez wrote to an unnamed individual, “We gotta leave ASAP,” after he could not reach Saleh, according to court documents.

Ian Hirsch, Topez's court-appointed lawyer, declined to comment on the allegations, saying he needed time to examine them more thoroughly.

Court papers filed in New Jersey also refer to two unnamed co-conspirators from New Jersey, including one who left the United States in May, allegedly to join Islamic State.

New Jersey man charged with conspiracy to provide support to Islamic State Read More »

S. Carolina massacre suspect seemed troubled, had past brushes with police

His uncle worried he was cooped up in his room too much. The few images of him found easily online suggest he had a fascination with white supremacy. And for his birthday this year, his father bought the young man a pistol, the uncle said.

Dylann Roof, 21, was arrested on Thursday on suspicion of having fatally shot nine people at a historic African-American church in South Carolina on Wednesday.

Those who know him described a withdrawn, troubled young man. Roof himself told a police officer who was arresting him earlier this year for illegal possession of prescription painkillers that his parents were pressuring him to get a job.

Roof's uncle, Carson Cowles, recalled telling his sister, the suspect's mother, several years ago that he was worried about Roof, and that the “quiet, soft-spoken boy” was too introverted.

“I said he was like 19 years old, he still didn't have a job, a driver's license or anything like that and he just stayed in his room a lot of the time,” Cowles said in a telephone interview.

He said he tried to “mentor” his nephew. “He didn't like that, and me and him kind of drifted apart,” Cowles said.

Cowles, 56, said Roof's father gave him a .45-caliber pistol for his birthday this year, Cowles said.

“I actually talked to him on the phone briefly for just a few moments and he was saying, 'well I'm outside target practicing with my new gun,'” Cowles said, describing a phone call around the time of Roof's birthday in April.

“Nobody in my family had seen anything like this coming,” Cowles said, speaking shortly before news of Roof's arrest. “If it is him, and when they catch him, he's got to pay for this.”

MALL INCIDENTS

In February, Roof unnerved employees working at the Columbiana Centre shopping mall in Columbia, South Carolina, by asking what they told police were unusual questions about staffing levels.

A patrolling police officer was called over. Roof, becoming increasingly nervous, told him “his parents were pressuring him to get a job,” according to a Columbia Police Department incident report.

The officer asked to search him and found an unlabeled bottle filled with strips of buprenorphine, an opioid painkiller that is sometimes misused by people addicted to opioid drugs, which include a range of substances from heroin to oxycodone.

The incident report said Roof tried to pass them off as breath-freshening strips before admitting that a friend had given the prescription-only drug to him, and the officer arrested him for possession of a controlled substance. The case appeared to still be pending, according to county court records.

Columbiana Centre banned Roof for a year, but two months later, police were called to the mall again. Roof, described as 5 foot 9 inches (1.75 meters) tall and weighing 120 lb (54 kg), was arrested in the parking lot for trespassing. His car was turned over to his mother, and the mall increased the ban to three years.

It was not immediately clear whether Roof had a lawyer.

JACKET WITH APARTHEID-ERA FLAGS

A Facebook profile apparently belonging to Roof was created earlier this year. The only public photograph on the page is a blurry snap of him stood in front of winter-bare trees, looking glumly at the camera, bowl-cut brown hair falling over his forehead.

In the picture, he wears a black jacket that prominently features the flags of apartheid-era South Africa and Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe, from when the two African countries were ruled by the white minority.

The page lists him as having a little over 80 Facebook friends on Thursday morning, but that number appeared to be dropping, perhaps as others chose to sever their online ties with him.

One of the friends, Derrick “D-Gutta” Pearson, wrote on his own Facebook page on Thursday morning that he was “wondering why I woke up to 15 friend requests,” adding that he didn't know where Roof was.

Pearson warned people to stay away from Roof if they saw him, writing that it was “obvious lives do not matter to him.” Pearson also published a photo that appeared to show Roof sitting on the hood of a black car with a license plate that says “Confederate States of America”, a reference to the pro-slavery forces from the U.S. Civil War.

“That's his car and him,” Pearson wrote.

The U.S. Department of Justice said federal authorities would investigate Wednesday's attack as a hate crime, or one motivated by racism or other prejudice.

Roof grew up shuttling between his parents' homes in South Carolina, according to his uncle. His father, Ben Roof, runs his own construction business, and he remarried after divorcing Dylann Roof's mother.

Roof and his older sister, Amber, lived part of the time with their father and the father's wife, Paige, until Ben and Paige divorced.

Amber Roof, 27, is engaged to be married and a profile on TheKnot.com shows her wedding is scheduled for Sunday in Lexington, South Carolina.

A woman who answered the cellphone of the suspect's mother Amelia Roof, also known as Amy, declined to comment on Thursday morning.

“We will be doing no interviews ever,” she said, before hanging up.

S. Carolina massacre suspect seemed troubled, had past brushes with police Read More »