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October 14, 2014

L.A. Cancer Challenge: Running for lives of others

When thousands of racers line up at the Veterans Affairs grounds in West Los Angeles on Oct. 26, it will be to raise awareness for a devastating type of cancer sometimes linked to mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes that are more prevalent in Ashkenazi Jews.

But it’s not breast cancer; it’s pancreatic cancer, which this year is projected to take the lives of nearly 40,000 Americans. 

Last year’s L.A. Cancer Challenge (LACC) benefitting the Hirshberg Foundation for Pancreatic Cancer Research attracted 4,000 participants and raised more than $630,000. The goal of this year’s 5K/10K walk/run is to boost that figure to $750,000 or more.

“A huge part of our mission is to unite young and old through physical fitness as a way to create awareness of the disease,” said Lisa Manheim, executive director of the foundation and stepdaughter of the organization’s inspiration, Ron Hirshberg, who died of the disease. “Our event draws a lot of families and is one of the 5K races families will do together. For many of our younger runners, it is their first race and charity event they participate in.” 

The cause is a deadly serious one. Pancreatic cancer has the highest mortality rate of all major cancers — 94 percent of patients die within five years of diagnosis, according to the American Cancer Society. 

“The frequency of pancreatic cancer is increasing,” said Dr. Howard Reber, distinguished professor of surgery, chief of gastrointestinal surgery and director of the Ronald S. Hirshberg Translational Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory at UCLA, which the foundation and annual run help sustain. 

“Right now, pancreatic cancer is ranked the fourth most common cause of death from cancers in the U.S., and in a few years will be the second most common cancer killer. While research and efforts leading to earlier diagnosis and more effective treatment expended by scientists and researchers are working well to reduce the numbers of colon, prostate and other cancers, they so far are not yet able to bring the numbers of pancreatic cancer cases down,” he said.

While Manheim and Reber stress their commitment to patients from all backgrounds, the foundation’s signature event holds particularly strong meaning for members of Los Angeles’ Jewish community. Despite the fact that the causes of pancreatic cancer remain unclear, it is documented that 1 percent of Ashkenazi Jews has a defective copy of one of their two BRCA2 genes, which is associated with a three- to 10-fold increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer (not to mention increased risk of breast, ovarian and prostate cancer). BRCA1 gene mutations may also cause a small increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer, according to foundation officials.

Reber, however, stressed that the risk of cancer to Jews with a defective BRCA2 gene varies in different families, and is also dependent on lifestyle factors such as smoking, diet, the inheritance of other cancer susceptibility genes and a certain element of chance.

The work that Reber and his colleagues at UCLA conduct is a continuation of the vision of Agi Hirshberg. When her husband, Ron, died of pancreatic cancer, she realized there were no major pancreatic cancer centers in the United States. She vowed to take this formidable fight to the next level.

“[Agi] decided to start a definitive pancreatic cancer organization with the rationale that if she couldn’t give to a pancreatic cancer organization, she would start one,” Manheim said. “She chose to partner with UCLA because it was where [her husband] was treated, close to home, and [she] could regularly meet with doctors and researchers. It’s been a wonderful partnership for the last 17 years, and the outcome of the race will hopefully set the course in the years to come.”

Reber said that the money raised by the race allows researchers to do more than just combat medical challenges posed by pancreatic cancer.

“The way the L.A. Cancer Challenge is staged brings into focus families of patients and patients who survived the disease,” he said. Money raised “benefits the patients and their families, who need all the help they can get, not only with medical care but with psychological support and other services beyond medicines and procedures.”

Online registration for the L.A. Cancer Challenge (LACancerChallenge.com) ends Oct. 24. This year’s race will have added features.

“We decided to add on-course entertainment to make the experience more enjoyable for those participating in the race,” Manheim said. “We have two live bands, three on-course DJs, hula dancers, a barber shop quartet and a slew of entertainers to keep up morale.”

Participants can also enjoy the event’s Fit Family Expo, which includes a main stage, Halloween zone and special displays from sponsors emphasizing fitness and maintenance of good health habits. 

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Palestinian mosque in West Bank torched in suspected arson

A mosque was set alight in a suspected arson attack in the occupied West Bank on Tuesday and the name of an Israeli vigilante group called “price tag” was found scribbled on an outside wall, Palestinian officials and witnesses said.

Israeli President Reuven Rivlin condemned the incident in Aqraba, a village east of Nablus, and urged Israel's police chief to head an investigation adding that the case “should be treated as terrorism”.

The “price tag” group has carried out scores of attacks on Palestinian, Israeli Arab, and church property in the West Bank and inside Israel since 2008. The group says it aims to exact a price for any opposition to settlement building.

Residents told Reuters they noticed smoke coming from the building before dawn and rushed to douse the flames, which damaged a carpet and blackened one of the walls.

“If we hadn't rushed to put out the fire the entire building could have gone up in flames,” said Maher Fares, a villager.

Ghassan Daghlas, a Palestinian official from the Nablus area, said he suspected Jewish settlers in the area had carried out the attack. The settlement of Itamar is about 2 miles north of Aqraba.

“They broke a window and threw a firebomb into the mosque which burned the carpet,” Daghlas said.

Hebrew script reading “price tag” had been scrawled on the outside of the mosque, a Reuters cameraman said.

Rivlin demanded a wider crackdown against the vandals. Many suspects arrested in the past have been minors who are released without .

“We cannot continue to regard incidents like these as marginal. Rather, we must uproot them,” a statement from his office said.

“If we do not act decisively, we will all pay the 'price tag',” Rivlin also said.

Reporting by Abed Qusini and Ali Sawafta; Writing by Allyn Fisher-Ilan; Editing by Luke Baker and Raissa Kasolowsky

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Sounds, tastes of Middle East, North Africa converge at Clockshop in L.A.

How does one spark meaningful dialogue about complex Arab and Jewish Diasporic communities and help bring them to life thousands of miles away from their places of origin? Clockshop, an arts and cultural programming nonprofit organization, is turning to the powerful tools of music, history and food for this purpose next month. 

Filmmaker and artist Julia Meltzer, founder and director of Clockshop, is collaborating with New York City-based curator Regine Basha of Basha Projects to organize Kan Ya Ma Kan, named for an Arabic phrase that is open to various translations, including “Once upon a time there were.” In this sense, Kan Ya Ma Kan references vanishing communities and how cultural legacies remain, evolve and, in some cases, disappear. 

The series will take place over the course of three weekends in November, with a focus on three specific parts of the globe where cultural retention and survival remain fragile, particularly in the post-1948 world. A range of scholars, writers, artists and chefs will participate in a multifaceted, interdisciplinary approach to talking and thinking about Iraq, Syria and North Africa. And the food will be memorably delicious.  

The Kan Ya Ma Kan Saturday night programs will feature Havdalah services and multi-course, sit-down dinners for 50 guests helmed by guest chefs, followed by musical performances. All components, including the language and end-of-Sabbath prayers, will reflect distinct traditions tied to the highlighted regions and countries. Sunday afternoons will be dedicated to tea and conversation with visiting artists, writers and thinkers. Kan Ya Ma Kan is based at Elysian, the multi-purpose event space Meltzer operates with her husband, artist and chef, David Thorne. 

The venue is located in Elysian Valley, also known colloquially as “Frogtown,” a collection of mostly light-industrial buildings and a smattering of residences along the south bank of the Los Angeles River just northeast of the neighborhoods of Silver Lake and Echo Park. Meltzer and Thorne recently renovated the former porcelain mold factory to include a fully permitted, gleaming commercial kitchen. With its lush landscaping and down-to-earth yet stylish feel, Elysian’s casual, creative atmosphere can be better suited to sparking open conversation and community-mindedness than some other institutional settings. Thorne, who runs Elysian’s sporadic but as of late more frequent full-service dinners, will help execute the Saturday night meals. 

The unorthodox exchanges will provide a unique opportunity to look at the symbiotic connections between Arab and Jewish communities rooted in particular geographies. Regarding the many rich culinary heritages involved, “I think there’s a perception that there’s a separation, and actually there’s not,” Meltzer noted. 

The first weekend of November will feature Basha, artist Michael Rakowitz and Ella Shohat, a professor of cultural studies at New York University, focusing on issues pertaining to dispersed Iraqi-Arab and Jewish communities. Rakowitz, a conceptual artist of Iraqi descent who teaches at Northwestern University, has used food and material culture to explore the tangled relationship between the United States and that Middle Eastern nation. His “Spoils of 2011” project, for instance, used a high-end Manhattan restaurant to showcase traditional Iraqi dishes presented on fine dinner plates, some of which had been illegally taken from Saddam Hussein’s china collection. (Needless to say, it ended with the State Department issuing a cease-and-desist letter, and the plates were taken by U.S. Marshals and returned to the Iraqis.)  

Rakowitz will present a semi-related adaptation of the aforementioned undertaking, with food made according to his own grandmother’s recipes, served on actual dishware that was carried from Iraq to other parts of the world. “Rakowitz has shown all over the world, but never in L.A.,” Melzter noted. Musician Henry Azra will perform on the kanun, a traditional string instrument, along with a doumbek player.

Musician and photographer Jason Hamacher from Washington, D.C., will present his work about Syria in various media during the following weekend. Hamacher spent six years visually and orally documenting religious minorities — including gaining extremely rare government-sanctioned access to Jewish sites — which he has collected in his Lost Origin Sound Series and in a soon-to-be-published book, “Aleppo, Syria: Witness to an Ancient Legacy.” Meltzer has also lived in Syria and shares a particular interest in that nation and city, where current events merit thoughtful, nuanced discussion. 

Afterward, acclaimed L.A.-based cookbook author Clifford Wright will organize a feast of an order that’s otherwise only accessible to those with direct access to Syrian home kitchens. Flavors and cooking techniques from Aleppo are on the agenda, but “because of the similarity of Levantine cooking, it is impossible to untangle the various threads that tie it all together,” noted Wright, a leading authority on Middle Eastern and Mediterranean food history.  

Wright’s menu includes “foods that most Americans, even those familiar with Middle Eastern cooking, may not have encountered” he said, such as bādhinjān maqlī ma laban (fried eggplant with yogurt) and a lentil and lemon dish with pomegranate molasses, since that particular ingredient “usually indicates that the dish is influenced by an Aleppine cook.” Fakhadha ghanam mashiyya bi’l-tūm, garlic-stuffed, slow-roasted leg of lamb, is based on a Palestinian recipe, and non-dairy dessert will be al-maziyah, Syrian-Jewish pistachio and rose water cornstarch pudding from “A Fistful of Lentils by Jennifer Felicia Abadi. 

Abraham Marcus will help put the meal into context when he talks about the history of the Jewish synagogue in Aleppo, and master oud player Ara Dabandjian will perform afterward. 

The final weekend examines the North African countries of Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria, with Aomar Boum, an assistant professor of history at UCLA and author of “Memories of Absence: How Muslims Remember Jews in Morocco,” along with UCLA historians and musicians Chris Silver and Sarah Abrevaya Stein.

Artist Orly Olivier, who documents her family’s history on her Petit Takett website, which is named for her paternal grandmother’s restaurant in Tunisia, plans a spread that also suggests that country’s difficult French colonial history. She’ll serve Tunisian kemia, or mezze, including spicy carrots with homemade harissa and za’atar-crusted crostini with smoky harissa hummus and salata meshjua (roasted pepper salsa), along with a main course of poulet aux olives (chicken stewed with cracked green olives), and gateau de harrisa, a citrus and semolina cake.

Kan Ya Ma Kan offers a confluence of global and local forces. While some of the speakers and participants will be traveling from elsewhere in the United States, “There are a lot of interesting people working around this history in L.A,” Meltzer said.

Each Saturday evening event costs $65 for the meal and program, or the package of all three nights can be purchased for $175. A $10 donation is suggested for the Sunday teas and conversations. Information: www.clockshop.org/kanyamakan.html

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Why the FAA banned flights to Israel

On Sept. 11, 1969, Israeli flying ace Giora Romm parachuted into the Nile Delta, badly wounded. Months later, he became the first Israeli prisoner of war in Egypt whose life was spared by a POW exchange between the two countries. Romm recounted his tale of captivity and heroic recovery throughout the Sukkot holiday in Los Angeles as part of his book tour for “Solitary: The Crash, Captivity and Comeback of an Ace Fighter Pilot,” the newly released English version of his best-selling Israeli memoir.

“Then I faced the toughest issue of the ex-POW,” the tall and stately Romm, 69, told the Jewish Journal at the Luxe Hotel last week. “Most POWs don’t recover from this trauma. They cannot hold down a family, a job, a life — they do not sleep at night. I decided I would not let the Egyptians dictate my life, and if in my previous life I was an excellent Air Force pilot — and, believe me, I was an excellent pilot — I’m going to be an excellent pilot even later.”

Romm went on to become deputy commander in the Israeli Air Force, returning to Egypt as a squadron leader during the Yom Kippur War, and later became Israel’s military attaché in the United States. He now serves as director of the Civil Aviation Authority of Israel (CAAI), and last summer, he helped Israel overcome a national kind of “solitary,” when the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) banned flights to Israel for 33 hours on July 22 in the midst of Israel’s war with Gaza, known as Operation Protective Edge. In response to the ban, some Conservative critics accused the Obama administration of using the FAA to hold Israel captive to White House policies. 

“In my view, this was nonsense,” Romm said of the criticism. “It was a technical decision by the FAA. I don’t think they had any external involvement, as some high ranking [American] officials spoke with me and said so in plain words.” 

The possibility there might be an FAA lockdown was already known to the CAAI at the start of the operation, which Israel launched on July 8 in an effort to stem Hamas rocket and tunnel attacks from Gaza.

“The FAA called us just before the curfew [on Gaza] and told us about the regulation that if a rocket falls within a perimeter of one mile from the airport, the regulations they have are to put a ban for 24 hours in order to understand what happened and what steps the country is taking to prevent it from happening again,” Romm said.

On July 22, when a Hamas rocket struck the city of Yehud, one mile from the airport’s fence, Delta Air Lines and US Airways quickly made independent decisions to divert flights from Israel, and the FAA made good on its warning. Europe’s airlines followed, further damaging Israeli tourism and leaving travelers who weren’t flying El Al stranded, wondering when or how they’d get home. Romm’s team spent the following intense 33 hours on the phone with the American Embassy and video-conferencing with the FAA, detailing Israel’s safety precautions and procedures. 

“We thought, after research, that a chance that a rocket will hit a plane in the air is one in 1 billion,” Romm said.

Meanwhile, in the U.S., accusations of political motives culminated in Sen. Ted Cruz confronting the FAA head. But it wasn’t political pressure that ended the ban, Romm said.

“They wanted to have assurances that the right precautions were taken to make sure a rocket wouldn’t hit Ben Gurion, and I think we gave them very good assurances,” he said, adding that the U.S. Embassy in Tel Aviv was supportive of efforts to lift the ban.

Romm said he is certain the FAA takes similar precautions in other rocket-prone conflict areas, but because Ben Gurion is Israel’s only international airport, it is, in Romm’s words, Israel’s “Achilles’ heel.”

So why wasn’t the Yehud rocket intercepted?

“That was the decision of the Israeli Air Force not to intercept the rocket,” Romm said. “Was that the best decision or not? That’s a different story. But they decided not to intercept it, and they knew that it wasn’t going to hit Ben Gurion, but north of Ben Gurion. The air force didn’t know about the one-mile rule, but the [Israel Defense Forces] knows pretty early where the rocket is going to impact the ground.”

Romm said he doesn’t understand why the ban should continue to concern American Jews. The U.S. has a much more pressing aviation issue at hand, he said, and it’s not the Ebola crisis (which, he also said, is under control in Israel, as Ethiopian Airlines is the only African carrier flying into the country).

“As we speak, American pilots are flying day and night over hostile territory,” Romm said, concerned with the possibility of American pilots becoming POWs in Iraq or Syria, as he was in Egypt. “If I were an American, that would be more significant than anything else going on right now.” 

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The fourth Gaza War: 5 predictions

Now that the international donor conference on behalf of Gaza has wrapped up in Cairo, it is time to make predictions about the next Gaza War.

1. First, let’s try to guess when it will begin. The first Gaza War ran from December 2008 to January 2009, lasting three weeks. The second Gaza War began Nov. 11, 2012 and continued until a Nov. 21 ceasefire 10 days later.  The third Gaza War started July 8 of this year and concluded on Aug. 26. Each war seems to arrive about a year sooner than the one that preceded it. If what’s past is prologue, mark your calendar for June 2015.

2. How many will die? In the first Gaza War, Israel lost 10 soldiers (including four to friendly fire) and three civilians. Palestinian casualties came to 1,166, according to the Israel human rights group B’Tselem, 759 of which were civilians. In Gaza 2, Palestinian deaths numbered 149, of which 87 were civilians. Israelis lost two soldiers. The third Gaza War exacted a much higher price: 66 soldiers and six civilians on the Israeli side; 2,127 Palestinians killed, with 45 to 70 percent of them civilians. By the next war, Hamas weaponry and defenses will improve, as will the quality of its rockets. In 2008, Hamas fired homemade Qassam rockets, whose 18-pound warhead had a range of two miles. By 2014, Hamas targeted Tel Aviv with Syrian-made 302mm Khaibar (M-302), which have a 130-mile range and a 300-pound warhead. One can assume Israel’s Iron Dome technology also will improve — but just one Hamas rocket hitting its target would wreak serious damage. Consequently, Israel’s desire to root out Hamas militants and weapons once and for all — again — will only increase. My prediction? Double the casualties on both sides.  

3. How much of Gaza will be destroyed, and at what cost? The 2008 war displaced 50,000 Gazans, destroyed 4,000 homes and caused $2 billion in damage. The second Gaza War destroyed hundreds of homes and buildings. The 2014 conflict created 273,000 internal refugees in Gaza and caused $5 billion in damage. On Oct. 12 in Cairo, donors pledged about half of that amount for reconstruction. Gaza War 4 will, of course, cost more, if you include the billions spent in vain to rebuild after the last three wars.

4. What will they name the fourth Gaza War? The Israelis called the first war, in English, Operation Cast Lead. Palestinians called it the Gaza Massacre. The Israelis dubbed Gaza War 2 Operation Pillar of Defense. Its Hebrew name was the far more biblical Pillar of Cloud. Hamas named it Operation Stones of Baked Clay. Israel called Gaza 3 Operation Strong Cliff, or Operation Protective Edge. Among Palestinians, it went nameless. For Gaza War 4 I suggest a name everyone can agree on: Operation You Can’t Be Serious.

5. What will the next war’s impact be? Much, much worse.  The calls for sanctions and boycotts against Israel will be louder, especially on college campuses. The protests against Israel in European and American cities will be more violent and spill over into brazen anti-Semitism. Pro- and anti-Israel demonstrators will clash. A sophisticated media war will anticipate and blunt Israel’s every justification. The symbolic vote in this week in the British parliament to recognize a Palestinian state will appear, in retrospect, like the beginning of the end of Israel’s ability to seize the diplomatic initiative.

Hamas, highly aware of its previous success in interrupting international flights in and out of Ben Gurion Airport, will make sure it does so again, for even longer. Palestinians in the West Bank, now even more closely aligned with Gaza politically will find it difficult not to join in the war.

After recovering from the loss of tourism, trade and manufacturing following Gaza War 3, Israelis will again face massive economic disruption and relocation.

As predictions go, these are safe ones. Each Gaza war gets more bloody, more vicious and exacts a higher and higher price from the combatants and their supporters abroad — followed by international efforts to rebuild Gaza and seek a political solution. Yet the wars persist. 

Isn’t it time we look for ways to put a stop to the world’s deadliest remake of “Groundhog Day?

The Palestinians have taken an initial positive step of bringing the Palestinian Authority into Gaza. Israel, for its part, must do everything it can to give Gazans hope. Of the 1.8 million residents in Gaza, 50 percent are under age 15 — if they don’t see a chance for a better, more peaceful future, they will throw their youthful rage and energy behind the hardliners.

That may be why before the last war, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) urged the cabinet to help “dramatically improve the condition of the civilians of the Strip,” according to veteran Yediot Aharonot defense correspondent Ron Ben-Yishai. Perhaps now the government will heed the IDF suggestion.

Like they say, certain things in life are inevitable, like death, taxes and another Gaza War — if the Palestinians, Israel and the world don’t get to work right now to avoid it.


Rob Eshman is publisher and editor-in-chief of TRIBE Media Corp./Jewish Journal. E-mail him at robe@jewishjournal.com. You can follow him on Twitter @foodaism.

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A Yom Kippur forum on anti-Semitism

Is the recent uptick in anti-Semitic incidents in Europe due, in part, to the distance in time from the Holocaust and a fading memory of the 6 million Jews who perished in it? 

This was among the topics of a panel discussion titled “Anti-Semitism in Europe: Crisis or Challenge?” for the Contemporary Issues Forum on Yom Kippur afternoon at Temple Emanuel of Beverly Hills. The panel featured Anti-Defamation League (ADL) regional director Amanda Susskind, the Consul General of France in Los Angeles Axel Cruau and associate professor of history and cultural studies at Claremont Graduate University, Joshua Goode. The annual event focuses on topical issues, both secular and religious.

American Jewish Committee board member and Temple Emanuel congregant Cathy Unger served as moderator for the discussion. Susskind and Goode also are members of the Reform congregation. 

Lasting 90 minutes and held in the synagogue’s Bess P. Maltz Center, the discussion before an audience of about 200 followed an afternoon service in the Temple Emanuel Corwin Family Sanctuary and preceded Neilah, the final service of Yom Kippur. 

The event began with an acknowledgement of what was already obvious to many, when Cruau acknowledged that anti-Semitism in his country is on the rise. 

This past summer, as Israel waged war with Gaza, attacks against a Jewish synagogue in Paris rattled Jews worldwide. Anti-Israel demonstrations on the streets of France that devolved into chaos, as well, have left many wondering about the fate of Jews there, as well as in other Western European nations. 

The events have prompted thousands of Jews of France to make aliyah. Home to some 500,000 Jews, France continues to have the largest Jewish population of any European country.

Still, the emigration of Jews from France is worrisome, Cruau said, acknowledging that the Jews of France are critical to the country’s success. He said the French government plans to crack down on anti-Semitism by monitoring offensive material disseminated on social media platforms.

The speakers also discussed the causes of anti-Semitism, asking whether it is caused by Israeli actions.

Susskind dismissed the oft-cited assumption that settlements in the West Bank cause people to be anti-Israel. Anti-Israel voices would persist with or without the existence of controversial Israeli settlements, the ADL leader said, adding that this argument connecting settlements with anti-Zionism “irritated” her greatly.  

Late in the event, dialogue persisted over when anti-Zionism becomes anti-Semitism, as the discussion turned to attitudes toward Israel on college campuses in the United States, after an audience member asked whether European campuses are as bad as American ones. 

Cruau said European university students tend to be sympathetic to Palestinians. 

Susskind said the majority of U.S. college campuses don’t have strong anti-Zionist movements, despite the widely held belief that anti-Israel activity is rampant among college students. She said it is difficult to determine the best course of action at campuses where strong anti-Israel sentiment does exist, especially because it is generally healthy for students to debate global issues. 

Goode, for his part, looked to the past to understand the future. He said he is most worried about antidemocratic movements in countries such as France, Greece and Hungary, whose populations traditionally have been anti-Semitic, but have toned down their anti-Semitic rhetoric so as to have broader appeal. To draw an analogy, he spoke about how Hitler, when elected chancellor of Germany, initially dressed like every other politician in Germany’s executive cabinet, in top hat, and suit and tie. 

Goode cited France’s political party, the National Front, a far-right group that is reportedly gaining traction among Jews by playing on the Jewish fear of France’s Islamic immigrant communities, as an example of “wolves who are dressed in sheep’s clothing.”

The panelists also discussed French politics, debating who might succeed French President Francois Hollande in the 2017 presidential elections. Cruau attempted to allay Goode’s fear that Marine Le Pen, the leader of the National Front, the third-largest political party in France, has any chance of winning the next election.  

The participation of a French diplomatic official in the panel at Emanuel reinforced one of the key differences between events of today and events of 1930s Europe, Goode said during the discussion. It demonstrates that while anti-Semitic activity reminiscent of prewar Europe might be taking place here and there, the activity today, unlike back then, is not state-sanctioned. On the contrary, state officials are condemning what’s happening to the Jews, he said. 

ISIS, the Islamic militant group that is massacring nonbelievers throughout Syria and Iraq, also was discussed. The news last month that an Algerian-based group claiming affinity with ISIS had kidnapped and beheaded a French national, Herve Gourdel, prompted moderator Unger to offer condolences to Cruau at the beginning of the event.  

Additional participants in the program included Temple Emanuel Rabbi Laura Geller, who appeared at the end of the event and told the audience that the purpose of the afternoon forum, while unconventional for a Yom Kippur service, was to gather the community for a thought-provoking conversation during the High Holy Days. 

“If not now, when?” Geller said, drawing on the famous Hillel saying that also served as the theme for the congregation’s 2014 High Holy Day services. 

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