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October 23, 1997

A Moment

A key element in Labor Party leader Ehud Barak’s strategy tobecome prime minister is to win support from Orthodox andultra-Orthodox (haredi) voters, who backed Binyamin Netanyahuoverwhelmingly in the last election. Now Barak is faced with adilemma: The price of wooing Orthodox votes is apparently his supportfor the Conversion Law, which is fast approaching decision time inthe Knesset.

When the bill — which would enshrine in law the Orthodox monopolyover conversions performed in Israel — came up for a preliminaryKnesset vote in April, Barak finessed the issue. The Labor Partyannounced that it would oppose the law. But when the Knesset votetook place, about three-quarters of the Labor Knesset faction,including Barak himself, were conveniently absent from the floor, andthe bill won preliminary approval by a lopsided margin.

This week, once again, Labor announced its opposition to theConversion Law. Once again, no one is taking the announcement asLabor’s final word on the issue, especially in light of the bracingmessage Barak received from leaders of Shas, Israel’s largestreligious party.

Last Friday, Barak met with Shas’ spiritual leader, Rabbi OvadiaYosef; Yosef’s son, David, a leading Jerusalem rabbi; and Shas’Knesset leader, Arye Deri. Following the meeting, Barak joined PrimeMinister Binyamin Netanyahu in calling on the Reform and Conservativemovements to delay their upcoming Supreme Court challenges of theOrthodox religious monopoly — all in the name of “Jewish unity.”Reform and Conservative leaders, however, rejected the appeal, sayingthe Orthodox establishment had dismissed every attempt at compromise.

At the meeting with Shas, Barak was informed that the ConversionLaw was a critical issue for them. “If Labor votes against us, theyhave no business trying to get us to join a coalition with them –not in this world or in the world to come,” one Shas official said.

The message was underscored at a Shas rally two nights later.Rabbi Ovadia Yosef called for a

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Charitable Legacy Lives On

Mickey Weiss, everybody’s favorite mensch and philanthropist, diedmore than a year ago, but his good works go on.

His most lasting monument is the Charitable Distribution Facility,which he and his wife Edna established 10 years ago. Since then, theFacility has routed millions of pounds of fresh fruits andvegetables, previously wasted at wholesale food markets, to thehungry and needy.

Among his collaborators were Prof. Peter Clarke and researchscientist Susan H. Evans of the USC School of Medicine, who are nowco-directors of a project called From the Wholesaler to the Hungry.

Building on Mickey’s original concept, their project, involvingfood banks, grocery chains, food recovery programs and trainingsessions, has now spread to 52 American cities and is growing at therate of 10-12 additional cities each year.

The USC team was in Washington, D.C. recently, leading a workshopon their project at the National Summit on Food Recovery andGleaning.

They were also on hand for a special ceremony, accepting aposthumous award to Mickey, presented by Secretary of Agriculture DanGlickman on behalf of the American people. — Tom Tugend,Contributing Editor

Accepting a citation for Micky Weiss on left are: School ofMedicine Professor, Susan H. Evans, U.S. Secretary of Agriculture DanGlickman and Schoolf of Medicine Research Scientist, Peter Clarke.Evans and Clarke are co-directors of From the Wholesaler to theHungry.

Top; The founders of From the Wholesalerto the Hungry (Micky Weiss, Peter Clarke and Susan Evans) gather atthe pioneering facility in Los Angeles. With them is a nun from abattered women’a shelter who chooses produce for her facility.

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Music Man

If you’re of a certain vintage, the lyrics to “Day by Day,” the memorable song from the legendary pop musical “Godspell,” come fairly easily to mind — even 30 years after the show’s debut. But there is a strange and sweet irony to the fact that the songwriter of that show, in which the main character is Jesus, is a New York-born Jew. Stephen Schwartz, who wrote the music and lyrics to “Godspell” when he was only 23, went on in the next few years to create the music for “Pippin,” directed by Bob Fosse, followed by “The Magic Show” — three musicals that became the longest-running hits of the 1970s in New York.

Schwartz, still boyish-looking at 49, sat on a small stage in the cozy cabaret-like Cinegrill in Hollywood one evening recently and bantered good-naturedly about the highs and lows of his career in front of an appreciative crowd of 150. The event, sponsored by the Outreach Committee of the Jewish Federation’s United Jewish Fund Entertainment Division, featured several singers performing numbers from Schwartz’s Broadway shows (including his adaptation of Studs Terkel’s “Working” and “The Baker’s Wife”), as well as the biblical-themed “Children of Eden,” and songs from two Disney-animated features (“Pocahontas” and “The Hunchback of Notre Dame,”) for which Schwartz wrote lyrics (Alan Menken wrote the music). Schwartz received Academy Awards for best score and for best song (“Colors of the Wind”) for “Pocahontas.”

“I owe my career to Stephen Schwartz,” announced Jeffrey Katzenberg, one of the principals of DreamWorks SKG, from the stage, recalling how hearing Schwartz’s “Corner of the Sky” from “Pippin” inspired him to seek his “corner of the sky” years ago. Schwartz has written the music and lyrics to DreamWorks’ first animated feature, “Prince of Egypt,” scheduled for release in November 1998. His songs will also be featured on ABC’s “The Wonderful World of Disney” live-action special “Geppetto,” also due next year.

Despite the biblical and spiritual themes in several of his past and present works, Schwartz said in a separate interview that he had a pretty secular upbringing. One much-told story in his family is that when Stephen was in the first grade and had to recite “The Pledge of Allegiance,” he was puzzled by the phrase, “one nation, indivisible, under God…”

“I had never heard the term, God. I thought I was talking about the sky,” he said.

But his family celebrated certain Jewish holidays, and Schwartz himself decided in his teens to take classes at the synagogue and was confirmed. Although he says he’s still “not a big fan of organized religion,” Schwartz mused about how, from “Godspell” to the upcoming “Prince of Egypt,” biblical themes have crept into his work. “When one deals with the Bible for storytelling purposes, it’s not really about religion. It’s really about human stories,” he said. “Godspell” wasn’t so much about Jesus as about the “transformative effect” his teachings had on society, Schwartz said. “The Prince of Egypt” tells the tale of the relationship between Moses and his Egyptian boyhood “brother” Ramses, with whom he grew up in Pharoah’s court, only to become adversaries later on. “The Children of Eden” is loosely based on Genesis.

“Basically, it’s about dysfunctional families and the mistakes one generation passed on to the next,” Schwartz said. Biblical themes make great fodder for theater because they deal with big, dramatic issues, he added.

Schwartz’s own thoughts on life are expressed in his just-released first solo CD, “Reluctant Pilgrim” (Midder Music). The introspective album, with 11 original songs, includes a humorous reflection on looking for love in New York City, memories of a friend who died of AIDS and a philosophical look back at a long marriage.

The album came about, he told the audience during an informal Q&A with film and TV producer Craig Zadan, when a friend challenged him, “Why don’t you have the guts to write about your own life and stop hiding behind Indian princesses and hunchbacks?”

“It was scary at first,” he admitted. “It’s much easier to write about characters.” But it was also exhilarating to find material in his own life, his friends, his wife of 28 years and two grown children. The album “represents a lot of who I am,” he said.

The musical evening was chaired by Scott Orlin, who sang “Music to Do” from “Pippin.” The aim, said Roxann Smith, director of the UJF Entertainment Division, is to do similar outreach events at least once a year as part of the division’s overall push to attract younger donors. The strategy appears to be working, Smith added. Three hundred new gifts and about $700,000 in additional contributions have poured into the division in the past three years.

“I owe my career to Stephen Schwartz”(right), announced Jeffrey Katzenberg (left), one of the principals of DreamWorks SKG

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In Times of Sorrow

Ceramic bas relief by Albert Greenberg

“I am sure,” said Sinai Temple’s Rabbi DavidWolpe in his Rosh Hashanah sermon, “that in almost every pulpit inAmerica from whatever denomination rabbis are speaking about theterrible strife we are enduring — Jew against Jew, as well as Jewagainst Arab — in the Land of Israel.”

Judging from a roundup of sermons delivered onLos Angeles pulpits, Wolpe’s assumption is accurate, if too narrow.Rabbis from across the denominational spectrum pronounced the Jewishbody politic both in Israel and at home in need of urgentcare.

At Temple Emanuel, Rabbi Laura Geller spokeabout the conflict between Reform, Conservative and Orthodox Jewsthat has spilled out of the Holy Land and into our own communities.She called on Reform Jews to boycott Orthodox institutions that denyreligious pluralism in Israel. Wolpe, too, focused on Israel,reminding a packed congregation that our criticisms must notovershadow our affections. Rabbi Joseph Kanefsky of B’nai David Judeaurged that all three movements find conciliation, or at leastunderstanding, by enlarging their sense of responsibility to allJews. The “vital premise” for establishing honest dialogue, saidKanefsky, is for every side to realize its fallibility. And whatbetter time to start than the season of atonement? Following areexcerpts from the three sermons. — Robert Eshman, AssociateEditor

‘A Judaism Real for Us’

By Rabbi Laura Geller

Imagine my surprise when I awoke on the Shabbat before Purim toread in the L.A. Times that I wasn’t Jewish anymore! The headlilneread: “Non-Orthodox Not Jews, Rabbi Group to Claim.” Now it’s truethat the headline was misleading. The article actually said that theUnion of Orthodox Rabbis of the United States and Canada declaredthat Reform and Conservative are not Judaism at all. Their adherentsare Jews, according to Jewish law, but their religion is not Judaism.

Thanks for the clarification. I’m Jewish; my temple isn’t. …

The tension between some Orthodox Jews and Reform Jews hasescalated beyond words. Most recently, the Reform kindergarten inMevasseret Zion, a suburb of Jerusalem, was firebombed early in themorning on the day school was to begin. While the police have notidentified the arsonists, many Israelis believe that the bombing wasthe work of those Jews who want to undermine the growth of ReformJudaism in Israel. …

Who is hurt by all of this?

Reform and Conservative Jews are certainly hurt.

But their number is so small, you can say. Only two percent of theJewish Israeli population identify themselves with the Reformmovement. Another two percent with the Conservative movement.

But these numbers are misleading. Strictly Orthodox Jews are asignificant minority in Israel — only 14 percent of Israeli Jews.Strictly secular Jews? Twenty-one percent. That leaves the vastmajority of Israelis, who are pretty much like us, searching fornon-Orthodox spiritual content in their lives. …

My biggest fear is that some American Jews will use the outrageousbehavior of the Orthodox establishment as an excuse to disengage fromIsrael. But without Israel, American Judaism loses part of its soul,part of the wellspring that nurtures our religious imagination, muchof our past and perhaps all of our future. Without Israel, Hebrewbecomes a dead language, and Hebrew scholarship becomes a remnant ofthe past. Without Israel, our Judaism is a shadow of itself, anunthinkable relic. …

Should we separate ourselves from all Orthodox Jews? Not at all.We have much to learn from those Orthodox teachers and institutionswho respect our integrity and are willing to learn from us as well asteach. Individuals like Rabbi Danny Landes from PARDES in Jerusalem,who was our scholar-in-residence several years ago. Or Rabbi DavidHartman, who brings rabbis from all denominations together to studysacred texts in an atmosphere of mutual respect and learning. We allare enriched by learning with Jews who are different from us, as longas the learning and interaction occurs with a context of mutualrespect. But — and this is critical — we must stop supportingOrthodox institutions that have contempt for Reform Judaism. …

why do Reform Jews still send them money? …

Many of us believe, deep down, that they, the Orthodox who looklike our great-grandfathers, are authentic Jews and we, Reform Jews,are not authentic. Many of us believe that their grandchildren willbe Jewish, but ours will not be. Many of us pray here but send themmoney, just to make sure there will be a Jewish future.

That is the real problem. The question is not: will ourgrandchildren be Jewish, but, what is the quality of our Jewish life?Sure, we want to guarantee a Jewish future, but our first prioritymust be to make sure we live a Jewish present. Our children and ourgrandchildren will be Jewish if they see that Judaism means somethingto us, that it creates meaning in our life, that it gives us a senseof roots and a purpose, that it opens up a connection to God. Noamount of guilt money to fundamentalist Orthodox groups can do that– only our own commitment to our Jewish lives.

Our task is to create a Judaism that is real for us, thatintegrates the truths of our tradition with the challenges of themodern world. Our task is to make Jewish choices based on learning –to experience the joys of wrestling with our sacred texts, tocelebrate Shabbat, the rhythms of the years and the cycles of ourlives — to find ways to open ourselves to the Divinity thatsurrounds us and that calls us to repair the broken world. Our taskis to create a Jewish community that can transform our lives, acommunity that is passionate, activist, visionary, artistic, caringand spiritual. And part of that task involves Israel, being connectedwith Jews like us who are searching for a meaningful spiritual lifethrough our Reform movement.

‘Teach Them To Love’

By Rabbi David Wolpe

For those of you who only study Talmud, “The Simpsons” is anevening cartoon show about what we call in current lingo, anextremely dysfunctional family. And it is Thanksgiving at theSimpsons and Marge’s mother comes over, and Marge answers the door.And her mother says, “Listen, I have terrible laryngitis and I can’ttalk at all. I just want to say one thing: You’ve never done anythingright.”

We laugh at that in part because it’s a parody of parentalcriticism. It’s criticism with all the love sucked out of it. It’sjust bad. And part of what that teaches us is that criticism is anearned privilege. Why do you listen to people who criticize you?Primarily if they’ve already shown you that there’s some love there….

If I stood up today and just criticized the congregation, justlambasting you…what would you say to me? You would say, look, it’sone thing to criticize once you know and love people. But how can youbegin to criticize before you’ve demonstrated any affection? And youwould be right. …

It’s true of God and the Jewish people. Rabbi Akiba talks aboutyisurin shel ahava, the sufferings of love. You think, he says, thatGod criticizes you because he hates you? Quite the opposite. Thecriticism is based on a deep and abiding affection. Without that Godwouldn’t care. This has been a tremendous and unsolved problem ofAmerican Judaism. There was a generation of Jews that grew up nativeto the tradition and they loved it. But that didn’t mean they didn’thave criticism of the tradition. They had powerful criticisms. Partsof it left them cold or indifferent or angry. But, unfortunately,they raised their children knowing the criticisms but notunderstanding the love. They gave them everything that was wrong, butthey did not give the deep connection that they felt. They thoughttheir children would imbibe their love along with their reservations.But since what they enunciated was their reservations…the childrengrew up with a sense of absence and distance but without the love.

I tell you this because it may be happening again. This time myfriends it is happening with Israel. In contemporary American Jewrywhen we talk about Israel the discourse has been bleached of themiraculous. We no longer talk about the wonder, we talk about itsproblems…

Our disillusionment is rife, our marvel and astonishment hasturned to pain. I am not suggesting that no one should criticizeIsrael or that no criticism is in place. … I am sure that in almostevery pupil in America, from whatever denomination, are rabbis whoare speaking about the terrible strife we are enduring — Jew againstJew, as well as Jew against Arab — in the Land of Israel. Peoplespeak about the fractioning of our people. It’s serious, it’simmediate and none of us should underestimate the scope of theproblem. But underneath that reality rumbles a greater reality whichis that our children don’t hear the love anymore.

For those of you who have a romantic conception of Jewish history,let me tell you this is not the first time that Jew has foughtagainst Jew. …It’s not new. …

But let me warn you in opposition to everything that you hear frompsychology; sometimes your children hear what you say and not whatyou mean. And when all you say is it’s terrible what’s going onthere, that’s what they hear: That is a place where terrible thingsgo on. So please, do not scold Israel to your children until you singto them of your love. Remember that we have a generation who are nowadults who don’t remember ’48, who don’t remember ’67, who don’tremember ’73…when Israel was a besieged David in a sea of Goliathswho yet managed to survive. …

So before you anatomize, and analyze and judge the people of theland, give them your love. There is a place for critique, animportant place, but it should be on the far side of affection.That’s true with people, it’s true with Judaism, it’s true withIsrael. …

Send your children there…go there yourself…see it, don’t holdyourself aloof, don’t make that mistake. Let us teach our childrenthat a piece of our hearts is there in that wonderful, unfathomableand mysterious land. …Teach them that when blood is shed in Israel,we still cry, and that when Jews fight, we are grieved, not becausewe hate, but because we love. …Teach them to see the flaws in theLand, yes. Teach them not to be silent when they see something theythink is wrong, absolutely. But first I ask you, I beg of you beforeyou teach them to criticize, teach them to love.

‘God Is Close to All Who Call’

By Rabbi Yosef Kanefsky

How does the modern believer continue to honestly maintain theconviction that the redemption will invariably come? I suggest thatthe answer lies in our ability to understand and apply the words ofthe Talmudic sage, Rabbi Hiya. The Talmud relates that Rabbi Hiya andhis colleague, Rabbi Shimon, were once walking together beforesunrise in the valley of Arbel. As the first rays of the sun slowlybegan to appear, Rabbi Hiya commented to his companion, “thus will bethe redemption of Israel. It will unfold little by little.” RabbiHiya teaches us that we need not be able to envision the entireprocess of redemption to believe in it. We rather need to becommitted to being able to do “a little bit,” to advance the processof Israel’s repentance — the precursor of Israel’s redemption — onesmall step. The rest has to be left in the capable hands of thegenerations that will follow us.

I would suggest this morning that the “little bit,” the small stepthat is upon our generation to achieve, is to create as large aspossible a Jewish community that feels a sense of mutualresponsibility, and that is engaged in a common conversation aboutGod and Torah. …

A few months ago, I participated in a wonderful forum at the UCLAHillel with Rabbi Richard Levy and Rabbi Ed Feinstein. …

In response to audience questions, Rabbi Feinstein candidlyconceded that it had been an error on the part of the Conservativemovement to have omitted Talmud for many years from its religiousschool curriculum. And Rabbi Levy conceded that the Reform movement’sdrastic alterations of the traditional liturgy had been a mistake.And I, for my part, professed my belief that Orthodoxy has madeserious errors in these past few decades, concerning the issue ofwomen’s ritual participation within the framework of the halacha.Mistakes can be made, and corrections can be made. This is a vitalpremise for establishing the Jewish community that senses mutualresponsibility, and that engages in a common conversation about Godand Torah. …

A phrase from the Rosh Hashana liturgy must be borne in mind. “Godis close to all who call upon Him sincerely.” If God does so, surelywe should do so. There are many Jews whose theological views weabsolutely disagree with. The way that many Jews have chosen topractice their Judaism is a way that we are unable to embrace, or toaccept as being equal to our own. But we must realize that very oftenthey are as sincere in their beliefs as we are. They call out to Godon this day as sincerely as we do.

And so we absolutely can create a Jewish community that deeplysenses mutual responsibility, and that engages in a commonconversation about God and Torah. To cite the words of Rabbi JonothonSachs, the chief rabbi of Great Britain, “…the covenant wasaddressed to the Jewish people as a whole. And the Jewish people as awhole cannot be identified with the views of any particular group. Itlives in the conversation between the groups…”

In Times of Sorrow Read More »

A Survivor’s Tale

Rose Freedman is 104 and, by any account, a remarkable woman.

She speaks German, Polish, Ukrainian, French, English and Spanish.In her 90s, she earned straight A’s while studying various languagesat New York University. She kept an apartment in New York and one inBeverly Hills and lived bicoastally until the age of 97. Today, shestill walks or takes the bus to lunch or to her weekly Spanish andpainting classes.

But what makes the centenarian most remarkable is an old memory,one that is as vivid as yesterday. On March 25, 1911, Rose, then 18,was a seamstress at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company, which stood atthe edge of Washington Square in New York. When the infamous firebroke out, she dashed through the flames as her co-workers burned orleaped to their deaths from the factory windows.

The Triangle Shirtwaist fire, which galvanized the Jewish labormovement, placed Freedman squarely in the annals of history. On manyan occasion during her long life, she has been called upon to recounther harrowing experience — most recently at a “Dignity Seder” forJewish activists and modern-day garment workers.

Freedman also spoke of the fire to a visitor who arrived to hertidy Beverly Hills single apartment. The émigré wassurrounded by her oil paintings and photographs of herself posingwith members of her beloved Los Angeles Lakers. Her gray hair wasimmaculately coifed, and she wore an attractive burgundy suit as sherecounted the events of 86 years ago.

She began, in accented English, by explaining that she was hardlythe typical employee at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company. Her familywas not Eastern European and impoverished, but was Viennese, culturedand middle-class. Rose sailed to America not in steerage but as asecond-class passenger on a tourist ship in 1909.

The Rosenfeld family moved into a comfortable apartment on theEast Side; when Rose’s father had trouble in business, her eldersister, Molly, found a good job at an exporting firm. Rose took careof the flat, but after Molly suggested that keeping house was hardlyworking, Rose set off to find a job of her own.

Not far away, she discovered the Triangle Shirtwaist Company,which had just fired a number of workers suspected ofunion-organizing activities. Rose, then 16, was immediately hired towork a machine that sewed buttons on shirtwaists.

Rose lived bicoastally until the age of 97.

Other survivors have written about the ghastly conditions in thefactory — the long hours, the child labor, the meager pay. Yet Rosesays that she found the job an interesting novelty: It symbolizedthat she was no longer a sheltered Jewish girl, but was a realAmerican, earning real dollars.

One thing bothered Rose about the factory, however: The doors werealways locked shut to keep workers from stealing the merchandise.That would prove fatal to many of her colleagues when fire broke outin the building in the spring of 1911.

“All of us on the ninth floor were engulfed by smoke, and therewas a terrible panic because the doors were locked and there was noway to get out,” she says. “People were running, crying andscreaming, but I just stood still, stupidly. When I saw everyonestampeding toward the fire escape, I knew they didn’t have a prayer.The fire escape was soon overloaded and, before long, it broke.”

As teen-age girls jumped from the windows, Rose ran up an internalstaircase to the 10th floor “to see what the executives were doing.”She discovered that the offices were abandoned and realized that heronly chance was a smoldering staircase leading to the roof.Terrified, she threw her long skirt over her face and ran through theflames, which were singeing her eyelids and eyelashes.

Upon the roof, she discovered firemen, who then hoisted her up toan adjacent building; the shaken, soot-covered girl slowly walked the10 flights down to the street, where she encountered her father. Hetook one look at her, fainted, and was taken away in an ambulance.

Rose, thankfully, did not see the bloody, mangled bodies of herco-workers, because she had emerged on the opposite side of thebuilding. Only at home that evening did she learn that more than 140girls and young women had died.

In the fire’s aftermath, the East Side erupted in hysteria, griefand mass meetings. A Yiddish poem eulogizing the dead covered theentire front page of the Forward. Rose Schneiderman, the diminutivefirebrand of the Women’s Trade Union League, spoke in a fiercewhisper at a memorial gathering.

Rose, who suffered from nightmares, did not immerse herself in theensuing strikes. Yet she did her part to bring the guilty to justice.Triangle officials tried to bribe her to say that she had escapedbecause the factory doors had been unlocked. But the teen-agerresponded with a shake of the head and a terse, “Nothing doing.”

Not surprisingly, Rose never did

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One Man’s Journey to Judaism

 

There is nothing tentative or half-way about MarkC. “Moshe” Hardie.

For instance, when the 26-year-old African-American decided tobecome a Jew, he underwent three conversion processes, with aConservative/Reform rabbi in San Francisco, at Chabad House inBerkeley, and with the Orthodox Beit Din in Los Angeles.

When Hardie shows up for a newspaper interview, he comes prepared.He brings a biography, photos, copies of his conversion certificates,a long list of references with phone numbers, and a self-addressedenvelope for mailing the story-to-come.

He even furnishes his own headline, “From the Crack House to theStatehouse,” for the reporter’s consideration.

The crack house was part of the neighborhood scene in north LongBeach, “the most impoverished place in California,” as Hardiedescribes it, where drugs, gang shootouts and teen-age mothers werecommonplace, and where young Mark grew up in a single-parent home.

The statehouse stands in Sacramento, and its resident is Gov. PeteWilson, for whose policies and good name Hardie now works ceaselesslyas a special assistant to the California chief executive.

Between the crack house and the statehouse, Hardie has crammed inenough experiences to last most men a lifetime. He relates hisaccomplishments with the easy assurance of a man who characterizeshimself as “always completely confident.”

“I never question my own identity,” he says. “I feel settled andstable.”

Let’s take one example of his aplomb, perhaps seasoned with atouch of chutzpah.

In 1996, while taking a summer law course at the Hebrew Universityin Jerusalem, Hardie decided to intervene personally in the ragingconfrontations between haredim and secular groups over whetherBar-Ilan Street should be closed to traffic on the Sabbath.Sauntering in where angels might fear to tread, Hardie printed up10,000 leaflets, in English and Hebrew, which pointed out thatIsrael, as “the spiritual homeland of the Jewish religion…has theduty to protect the rights of Orthodox and ultra-Orthodox Jews.”

Left, Hardie traveled the lengthand breadth of Israel, along the way picking up — apparentlyeffortlessly — a colloquial Hebrew that he demonstrated during theinterview.

Therefore, he reasoned, Bar-Ilan Street should be closed, exceptfor emergency vehicles, during the Shabbat.

Every Shabbos, Hardie would go to Bar-Ilan Street and circulatebetween the barricades restraining the opposing sides, pass outleaflets, and earnestly lecture both sides that “we’re all K’lalYsrael, which must remain unified and be a light unto the nations,”he says.

This was Hardie’s second visit to Israel. The summer before, hehad studies at Aish HaTorah in Jerusalem, and he lived at the nearbyHeritage House.

“You could stay there for free if you were Jewish,” says Hardie.”Actually, this was before my conversion, but no one could tell methat I wasn’t Jewish.”

He also traveled the length and breadth of Israel, along the waypicking up — apparently effortlessly — a colloquial Hebrew that hedemonstrated during the interview. This new acquisition complementshalf a dozen other languages, from Afghan to Polish, which Hardielists on his curriculum vitae.

His path to Judaism began as a child, when his Southern Baptistgrandmother made him read a biblical chapter each day.

“I became fascinated with what she called the Old Testament,”Hardie says. “I immediately identified with the people of Israel; Ifelt that I had stood at the foot of Mount Sinai.

“Later, when I turned 18, I decided to give myself free rein forthe next eight years to explore different religions, cultures andlanguages. On the basis of my religious studies, I concluded that theTorah was the true original, and all the others were merely copies.”

Before his Israel excursions, Hardie had earned a bachelor’sdegree in political science at UC Riverside, and then entered UC’sHastings College of Law.

Most law students barely find the time and energy to cope with thecompetitive pressures of their classes, but Hardie concurrentlyembarked on his conversion to Judaism at Temple Beth Israel-Judea inSan Francisco. He also pulled off the noticeable feat of activemembership in the Black Law Students Association while serving at thesame time as president of the Hastings Jewish Law StudentsAssociation and as communications director for the nationwideassociation of Jewish law students.

During his conversion studies, furthermore, he was advised by hismentor, Rabbi Herbert Morris, to go out among the Jewish people. SoHardie became a volunteer at the Jewish Home for the Aged in SanFrancisco. Earlier this year, he interned at the Israeli Consulate inSan Francisco, programming a computer network for Israelis working inthe Silicon Valley’s high-tech companies. His supervisor was ShiraSkloot, director of public affairs at the consulate. She said thatHardie was actually overqualified for his assignment, but that “heworked hard and was a pleasure to work with.”

Hardie received his law degree, with a specialty in internationallaw, from Hastings, and then took the state bar examination. He won’tknow the results until December.

During the bar exam, he wore his Hebrew University sweat shirt,not so much as a good luck charm but because “I want Hashem with me,”he says.

The ink on his law degree and his final conversion certificate washardly dry when Hardie landed his present job as a special assistantto Gov. Wilson.

He works within the Office of Community Relations, and his job isto present the governor’s views and goals to African-American andother community groups. He plies his beat always wearing his kippahand tzitzit, and as both an African-American and a Jew, he representstwo ethnic blocs that have consistently opposed the Republicangovernor.

Hardie is unfazed. He passionately backed the governor’ssuccessful campaign to eliminate public affirmative action programsand praises his boss for leading the way to a “colorblind”California.

“I tell inner-city audiences that the governor is a deeplycompassionate man who wants to include everyone in the Americandream,” says Hardie. “I believe his is a tzaddik [most righteous man]and a mensch.”

Some of Hardie’s other icons are even less popular among theliberals in Tel Aviv and San Francisco.

“My role models are Ze’ev Jabotinsky [founder of the ZionistRevisionist movement], Ariel Sharon and Binyamin Netanyahu,” saysHardie. His admiration of the prime minister and his knowledge ofIsrael’s security needs are such that “in Israel, I’m called ‘TheBlack Bibi.'”

Less controversial members of his pantheon are Dr. Martin LutherKing Jr., Gen. Colin Powell and Rabbi Menahem Mendel Schneerson.

A large photograph of the Lubavitcher Rebbe will grace Hardie’splanned office in the governor’s Los Angeles headquarters, togetherwith a mezuzah and a small refrigerator for kosher food supplies.”Then I’ll feel really at home,” Hardie says.

He also looks forward to learning about state government fromRosalie Zalis, Wilson’s senior policy adviser and liaison to theJewish community, whom Hardie also designates as a role model.

There seems to be no limit on how far Hardie can go, but at themoment, all his energies are bent toward advancing Wilson’s agenda.Nevertheless, he finds time to support such organizations as Hadassah(as a male associate), American Friends of the Hebrew University,Jewish National Fund, Jews for Judaism, and the National Anne FrankCampaign. He is a member of the American Israel Public AffairsCommittee, and his car’s license plate bears the letters AIPAC.

But pressure of work has forced him to divert three writingprojects — a book titled “Zionists Come in All Colors,” a children’sbook on the life of Anne Frank, and a story about a ferventlyOrthodox couple who unexpectedly become the parents of a black baby.

Even a workaholic has a private life, and every Shabbat and manyevenings, Hardie walks through his Los Angeles neighborhood, theOrthodox enclave of Pico-Robertson, dropping in at his favoritefalafel and schwarma joint, chatting with Israelis, or just revelingin the ambiance of Yiddishkayt.

Any romantic interests? As a public figure, Hardie begs off, hemust be circumspect about his private life. But he admits tocurrently “laying the foundation” of a serious relationship. Is sheJewish, he is asked. “Of course,” he says. “I can only marry a Jewishgirl.”

What makes Hardie run, what propels his drive? Hardie creditsmainly his father, who, though divorced from his mother, suddenlyreappeared in his life when Mark was 8 years old.

The father, a certified public accountant and business executive,passed on to his son the motto, “If you believe it, you can achieveit.”

He instructed the boy to stand in front of the mirror everymorning and repeat 100 times, “I like myself.” And when the fathersaid goodbye, he invariably added, “See you at the top.”

When Mark Hardie says goodbye, he closes the interview with ajaunty, “Sei gesund.”

One Man’s Journey to Judaism Read More »

It’s a Little Tricky

Once again we are faced with the annual dilemma of what to doabout Halloween. Should we let the kids “trick or treat” or not? Weknow that Halloween is not a Jewish holiday; that is not the problem.We celebrate Thanksgiving and Presidents Day, both American holidayswhich reflect good values. Halloween, on the other hand, does notreflect a value system that we would like to pass on to our children.It focuses on taking, greed and violence, not to mention theconsequences, a nasty trick, played on those who refuse to give.

My children attend a Jewish day-school where no attention is paidto the holiday. But we still experience the holiday in our suburbancommunity where party stores are transformed into haunted houses,street corners are dawned with pumpkin patches and everyone istalking about what they are going to be on Oct. 31.

In our home, where we believe the influence on values isstrongest, we play it down. No pumpkins or carving, no decorationsare displayed and very little attention is placed on costumes. Weeven relate the collecting of candy to the value of tzedakah(righteousness) by having the kids donate ten percent of their candyto a charity.

To counterbalance, we make a huge deal of all other Jewishholidays, particularly Purim. While we will spend money on a Purimcostume, anything laying around the house will have to do forHalloween. We give gifts, have lots of treats and host Purim parties.

Another subtle message is found in the garage. There, you can finda box designated for each Jewish holiday filled with paraphernalia.The boxes overflow; Passover and Hanukkah require two boxes each. Themessage is clear: we have a Purim box, but there is no box forHalloween.

And yet, we still struggle. I admit, although we move closer andcloser to our yiddishkeit, we are still assimilated.

This year presents us with something that can compete withHalloween — Shabbat! The perfect solution. The children loveShabbat. It’s our favorite time of the week — family, friends, goodfood, yummy desserts! What could be better? They’ll never missHalloween. So here is the plan: We are having a Shabbat Party. Theinvitation goes like this:

It’s a Shabbat Party

You’ll want to be there

But, regular clothes you mustn’t wear

Come dressed in a costume

be creative and fun

At the end of the dinner

We’ll pick the best one

The theme is of course JEWISH

be it hero, holiday, or food

Base your costume on your mood!

We’ll do the dinner, dessert,

treasure hunt, the whole thing

there’s just one thing you can bring —

A can for SOVA

will make us all smile

So come on October 31st

and party a while!!

At 5:30 p.m…

please knock on our door

We’ll light candles and a whole lot more.

Well, the response so far, a big hit! They can’t wait. My8-year-old daughter has announced she wants to dress as Hava, thedaughter in “Fiddler on the Roof.” Would this have been her firstchoice for a Halloween costume? It took Shabbat to help us through.

Risa Munitz-Gruberger is associate director of The WhizinInstitute.

It’s a Little Tricky Read More »

Design for Living

In Act Two: Scene II of Noel Coward’s “Design for Living,” Gilda,the object of everybody’s affection, gives a thumbnail critique of anew play by Leo, one of her rotating lovers.

“Three scenes are first rate, especially the last act,” observesGilda. “The beginning of the second act drags a bit, and most of thefirst act’s too facile — you know what I mean — he flips along witheasy swift dialogue, but doesn’t go deep enough. It’s all very wellplayed.”

Coward may have been satirizing the sort of review many of hisplays received from London’s more dyspeptic critics, but the linesfit the author’s 1933 opus like a well-tailored glove.

Coward created the characters of Leo, Gilda and painter Otto –bounded by an endless fascination and love for each other — as avehicle for himself and his great friends, Lynn Fontanne and AlfredLunt. It must have been an experience to see the three thespianssavoring the non-stop dialogue.

The plot in brief: Leo and Otto have been inseparable friendssince their days as struggling artists in Paris, with Gilda as theirmutual inspiration, friend and critic. Gilda chooses to live withOtto, but one evening, when the painter is away, Leo arrives, onething leads to another, and he stays for the night. Otto, embitteredat the treachery, exits.

Eighteen months later, Otto repents and shows up unexpectedly atthe London flat, shared by Leo and Gilda. Leo happens to be away, onething leads to another, and you know the rest.

The strains of the triangular relationship exhausts even Gilda;she departs, and ends up as the wife of middle-aged New York artdealer Ernest Friedman, longtime pal of the three main characters.Two years later, Otto and Leo pop up unexpectedly, when the artdealer is away, and …we’ll leave the denouement for the viewer.

Coward described his three protagonists so precisely that it’s nouse trying to improve on the author. “These glib, overarticulate andamoral creatures force their lives into fantastic shapes andproblems, because they cannot help themselves,” he writes. “Impelledmainly by the impact of their personalities each upon the other, theyare like moths in a pool of light, unable to tolerate the lonelyouter darkness, and equally unable to share the light withoutcolliding constantly and bruising one another’s wings.”

“Design for Living” had its world premiere in New York to avoidthe more straight-laced British censorship, and it would be nice torelive the sense of daring, the thrill of the risque, that initiallygreeted the play.

Though still frequently amusing, and occasionally impressive forits flights of verbal facility, time has not treated the play kindly.Mores and attitudes have changed too profoundly, the shock value isgone, and if the play were to be made into a movie, it would rate, atworst, a PG-13.

Still, there are some delicious moments, none more so than in thethird act, when Leo and Otto jointly crash Gilda’s party and confoundthe guests with some over the top repartee.

It is a compliment to A Noise Within: Glendale’s Classical TheatreCompany, that the ensemble injects considerable liveliness, and evensome edge, into the current production.

Under the sharply paced direction of Sabin Epstein, Jenna Cole asGilda, Francois Giroday as Otto, and Art Manke as Leo, make usbelieve that these glib characters are alive and that we have someconcern for their problems.

Mitchell Edmonds essays the role of Ernest Friedman with hiscustomary vigor and aplomb, and Ann Marie Lee steals her scenes asthe hapless maid, Miss Hodge.

Nostalgia buffs will appreciate the high fashions of the 1930s,recreated by Alex Jaeger. Anna Pasquale smoothly transitions thesetting from a grubby studio in Paris to an upscale London flat to achrome-encrusted New York penthouse.

“Design for Living” runs through Nov. 23 in repertory withShakespeare’s “Richard III” and Moliere’s “The Learned Ladies.” Fortickets and information, phone (818) 546-1924.

Film Fest to Commence This Week

The AFI Film Festival will screen more than 50 films through Oct.30. Two films of interest:

Orna Raviv’s 92-minute 1996 feature “Dogs are Colour Blind” fromIsrael, takes place during one comic night in Tel Aviv. A youngcouple returns home to find their house has been broken into. He setsout to watch a basketball match with his friends; she sets out toinform the police, and various madcap adventures ensue. The filmscreens October 24, 3:30 p.m., at Laemmle’s Monica Theatre; and Oct.27, 2 p.m., at Mann’s Chinese Theatre in Hollywood.

Michael O’Keefe’s 1997 documentary, “Raising the Ashes,” describesa gathering of 150 people at Auschwitz for five days of reflection onthe Holocaust. After appreciating Auschwitz as the scene of thegreatest crime of the 20th century, the film demonstrates how thedeath camp and places like it can become sources for healing.Screenings are Oct. 24, 11:45 a.m., at the General Cinema GalaxyTheatres in Hollywood; and Oct. 27, 10:30 a.m., at the Galaxy.

Tickets are $7.50 for each screening. Festival passes cost $350.For tickets and information, call (310) 520-2000. — NaomiPfefferman, Senior Writer

Design for Living Read More »

Religion and the State

What rights would a yarmulke-wearing child have in a public school that decides to prohibit hats on campus? What about a group of Jewish inmates who want to light Chanukah candles when a regulation clearly bans fire of any kind inside a prison? Or a synagogue or church that wishes to build or expand in a restricted area?

These are among the potential and real-life cases that the federal Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 (RFRA) was intended to address. The premise of RFRA was that even though “free exercise of religion” was a constitutionally guaranteed right in this country, laws that were presumably “neutral” toward religion could pose as much of a burden as those intended to hinder religious practice. Therefore, RFRA said, a “compelling interest” test should be applied that would weigh the government’s interest in imposing a law, against the burden that law would place, on free exercise of religion.

Since the United States Supreme Court overturned RFRA in June, a number of states, including California, have launched campaigns to pass similar laws to ensure stringent protection of religion at the state level. A broad coalition of religious and civil-liberties organizations led by American Jewish Congress recently urged a group of California legislators to pass a statute providing “real and enforceable, yet balanced, protection for religious liberty.”

In testimony before a special hearing of the State Assembly Judiciary Committee, Marc Stern, co-director of the AJ Congress Commission on Law and Social Action, told legislators that the danger to religious liberty today doesn’t come from “outright bans on a particular faith” and other clearly unconstitutional actions. Rather, he said, it derives from actions of what he termed “the well-meaning state.”

“The complex society in which we live tolerates, and often requires, regulation to a degree unprecedented in American history,” Stern said. “Oftentimes, the regulations are cast in a form which interferes with the practice of one faith or another. Most of these conflicts emerge because no one foresaw the clash between the regulations and religious practice.”

Stern, one of the principle drafters of the federal RFRA legislation, singled out zoning laws as common examples of how “bias often sneaks in — and sometimes dominates — hearings before zoning officials who exercise vast discretionary authority.”

For Jews, careful scrutiny of laws that affect religion are of particular importance, Stern said. “One of the reasons Jews have been able to flourish is that they’re not put at a disadvantage because of the law,” he said.

Eugene Volokh, acting professor of law at UCLA and an opponent of passing state RFRA, said such legislation would unfairly discriminate in favor of religious individuals or groups, giving them an advantage over those with deeply held moral beliefs not rooted in a particular religion. He also felt it would hand too much power to judges and courts, instead of legislators and voters. “It’s important to protect both the secular and the religious and look at each case on its merits,” said Volokh, a Russian-born Jew who teaches constitutional law. “This overall massive law that leaves decisions in the hands of judges is not a good idea.”

Erwin Chemerinsky, a Sydney M. Irmas professor of law and political science at USC Law School, said establishing a RFRA statute in California “is an essential protection of religious freedom” in the wake of the Supreme Court’s decision to overturn the federal version. Since the California Supreme Court has tended in the past to follow the lead of the U.S. Supreme Court, without federal RFRA to turn to, state law becomes even more uncertain, Chemerinsky said.

At least five Jewish groups attended the hearing in support of a state RFRA statute. They included: the Jewish Community Relations Committee of the Los Angeles Jewish Federation, the Anti-Defamation League, American Jewish Committee, the Jewish Public Affairs Committee and AJ Congress. Also supporting the passage of state RFRA were the American Civil Liberties Union of Southern and Northern California, People for the American Way Action Fund, San Fernando Valley Interfaith Council, Americans United for Separation of Church and State, as well as groups representing Muslims, Buddhists, Lutherans, Unitarians and Seventh Day Adventists. Further hearings on the subject are scheduled in the next few months.

Religion and the State Read More »

Up Front

Rabbi Laibel Wolf

How do you like your kabbalah? For those delving into the mysticalsystem of Judaism, there are plenty of choices these days. We won’tname names, but the menu runs from intense and concentrated tohalf-baked. For those of you who take your kabbalah on the thoughtfuland serious side, try sitting in when Rabbi Laibel Wolf delivers alecture on “Angels and Dreams: Their Mystical and PracticalImplications.”

Wolf, of Melbourne, Australia’s Institute for Jewish Development,is an eloquent and learned kabbalist, with a truly memorable knackfor guiding audiences through the misty worlds of Jewish meditationand esoterica. He’ll be speaking at Chabad of the Valley’s GutnickAdult Education Institute, Tues., Nov. 11, at 7:30 p.m. For ticketsand more information, call (818)758-1818. — Robert Eshman,Associate Editor


A Jewish Computer Fest

Quick, name the prerequisite features of the complete Jewish home:mezuzzah, Shabbat candles, Chagall lithograph… and a computer.

These days a wealth of information about Jewish life and learningcomes through our PCs, from Internet web sites on the best mohels toCD-ROM walk-throughs of “Virtual Jerusalem.” On Sun., Oct 26, you canlearn all about Jewish software and Judaic websites at what Up Frontbelieves is the first-ever “Jewish Family Cyberfest” in SouthernCalifornia.

Sponsored by the Jewish Federation of the Greater San Gabriel andPomona Valleys, the Cyberfest will be held at the Pasadena JewishTemple and Center (1434 N. Altadena Drive) from 1-5 p.m. The festivalwill feature workshops with computer experts on such topics asInternet basics; maintaining a home Jewish computer library; Israelon the web; and keeping your kids safe on the Net. Plenty of web andsoftware demonstrations will take place on a dozen or so computers.

Federation president Doug Graff sees computers as complementingJewish learning in schools and synagogues. “The Cyberfest is a way ofbringing more of these resources to the community,” he says.Earthlink Network is co-sponsoring, along with several Jewishorganizations, and the ZInternet service provider will offerhigh-speed web access as well as a donation to the Federation forevery new subscriber they sign up.

For more information on the free event, call Phil Liff-Grieff at(626) 967-3656. — R.E.


Sarah’s Daughters Return

Several years ago, San Francisco writer/director Marcia Jarmel didnot identify as a Jew. She identified, rather, as a feminist and adocumentary filmmaker.

Then came the Orthodox wedding that changed her life.

Jarmel’s old friend, Linda, had been an outspoken feminist at hercompetitive liberal arts college. Now she had become ba’aleiteshuva and was marrying “a man she barely knew, in somethingakin to an arranged marriage,” the director recalls. Jarmel expectedthe wedding to be “disconcerting and uncomfortable.”

Instead, she experienced a “joyous, life-affirming, spiritualevent” and met several young, intelligent, college-educated women whohad “returned” to Orthodox Judaism. When Jarmel asked why, they toldher that they wanted to live in a community with shared values andfeel connected to their past.

The director was both skeptical and intrigued. These women did notfit her negative stereotypes; they seemed to have found the sense ofpurpose Jarmel felt was missing in her own life. Their stories werethe inspiration for her documentary, “The Return of Sarah’sDaughters,” which runs Oct. 24 through 30 at the State Theater inPasadena, part of the International Documentary Association’s”Doctober” festival.

To find her protagonists, Jarmel, now in her late 30s, interviewedmore than 50 women, from college coeds to former 1960s radicals toprofessional go-getters. She finally settled on Rus, a social workerand Chassidic Jew; and Rus’ friend, Myriam, “an intensely spirituallesbian” who wants to fit into the Lubavitch world. “The Return ofSarah’s Daughters” explores how each woman finds a place in theJewish community.

The documentary also focuses upon Jarmel, who asks “What do womengain and lose by making these [spiritual] choices?” In the end, thedirector is transformed by her movie. She marries a Jewish man, has ason, and must re-evaluate her own connection to Judaism.

For information about the screenings, call (626) 792-3540. —Naomi Pfefferman, Senior Writer


Touring the Blacklist

In the first-floor library of the Writers Guild of America, youcan walk through the most insidious period in modern Americancultural and political history. From now through January, the WritersGuild Foundation is sponsoring an exhibit on the Hollywood Blacklist.Composed of photos, original documents, back issues of moviemagazines and newspaper clippings, the exhibit takes visitors back toa time when your beliefs — or innuendo or lies about your beliefs –were enough to preclude you from finding work in Hollywood. The ideabehind the bite-sized exhibit is the familiar “those who don’t knowhistory are condemned to repeat it,” Angela Wales-Kirgo, thefoundation’s program director, told Up Front.

The exhibit is located at 7000 W. Third St. Hours are 10 a.m.-5p.m., closed for lunch. Admission is free. Call (213) 782-4544 formore information. — R.E.

Up Front Read More »